Trends in the Social Security and Supplemental Security Income Disability Programs

 

Chart Descriptions for Program Cost and Size section

Table equivalent for Chart 1. Total cost of Social Security disability benefits, by type of beneficiary, 1970–2003 (in millions of 2003 dollars)
Year disabled Disabled
workers		 Spouses Children Disabled
adult
children		 Disabled
widow(er)s
1970 11,336 764 2,102 1,101 225
1971 13,578 861 2,417 1,251 275
1972 15,724 971 2,702 1,568 366
1973 18,653 1,121 3,032 1,534 419
1974 20,106 1,136 3,267 1,634 494
1975 22,940 1,278 3,723 1,773 601
1976 25,935 1,416 4,205 1,919 667
1977 28,063 1,499 4,461 2,046 708
1978 28,081 1,473 4,511 2,108 701
1979 27,232 1,396 4,311 2,153 676
1980 27,370 1,362 4,235 2,295 670
1981 28,192 1,341 4,188 2,446 648
1982 27,968 1,231 3,541 2,623 638
1983 27,647 1,104 3,144 2,749 610
1984 27,344 938 3,047 2,874 702
1985 27,793 919 3,050 3,000 683
1986 29,036 912 3,152 3,150 685
1987 28,832 850 3,076 3,273 680
1988 29,312 809 3,057 3,375 659
1989 29,690 764 2,976 3,492 654
1990 30,459 731 2,974 3,590 649
1991 33,062 735 3,173 3,743 747
1992 36,179 743 3,459 3,908 865
1993 39,076 723 3,934 4,055 968
1994 41,503 713 4,220 4,198 1,059
1995 43,956 693 4,456 4,323 1,142
1996 46,046 598 4,688 4,414 1,195
1997 46,941 547 4,682 4,528 1,238
1998 48,877 514 4,778 4,611 1,277
1999 50,876 474 4,861 4,692 1,306
2000 52,799 446 4,946 4,800 1,331
2001 56,577 434 5,128 4,956 1,372
2002 60,994 431 5,435 5,010 1,389
2003 64,811 431 5,664 5,122 1,416
SOURCE: Annual Statistical Supplement to the Social Security Bulletin, 2004, Tables 4.A6 and 5.A17 (monthly amount multiplied by 12).
NOTES: This chart excludes a small number of young spouses of retired workers and mothers who are entitled solely on the basis of having a disabled adult child in their care. In 2003, there were fewer than 20,000 mothers and fewer than 12,000 young spouses, for whom the costs were $200 million and $80 million, respectively. Those costs are less than one-quarter of 1 percent of the expenditures in 2003.
All dollar amounts are in constant (price-adjusted) 2003 dollars.
Table equivalent for Chart 2. Number of disabled Social Security beneficiaries, by type of beneficiary, December 1970–2003 (in millions)
Year All disabled
beneficiaries		 Disabled
workers		 Disabled
adult
children		 Disabled
widow(er)s
1970 1.81 1.49 0.27 0.05
1971 1.99 1.65 0.29 0.06
1972 2.20 1.83 0.31 0.06
1973 2.42 2.02 0.32 0.08
1974 2.67 2.24 0.34 0.09
1975 2.96 2.49 0.36 0.11
1976 3.17 2.67 0.38 0.12
1977 3.37 2.84 0.40 0.13
1978 3.43 2.88 0.42 0.13
1979 3.44 2.87 0.44 0.13
1980 3.44 2.86 0.45 0.13
1981 3.36 2.78 0.46 0.12
1982 3.19 2.60 0.47 0.12
1983 3.17 2.57 0.49 0.11
1984 3.21 2.60 0.51 0.11
1985 3.29 2.66 0.53 0.11
1986 3.38 2.73 0.55 0.11
1987 3.45 2.79 0.56 0.11
1988 3.51 2.83 0.57 0.10
1989 3.58 2.90 0.59 0.10
1990 3.71 3.01 0.60 0.10
1991 3.93 3.19 0.62 0.11
1992 4.24 3.47 0.64 0.13
1993 4.53 3.73 0.66 0.15
1994 4.80 3.96 0.67 0.16
1995 5.04 4.19 0.69 0.17
1996 5.26 4.39 0.70 0.18
1997 5.40 4.51 0.70 0.19
1998 5.61 4.70 0.71 0.19
1999 5.80 4.88 0.72 0.20
2000 5.97 5.04 0.73 0.20
2001 6.21 5.27 0.74 0.20
2002 6.49 5.54 0.74 0.21
2003 6.83 5.87 0.75 0.21
SOURCES: Annual Statistical Report on the Social Security Disability Insurance Program, 2004, Table 1; Annual Statistical Supplement to the Social Security Bulletin (authors' compilation of missing years).
Table equivalent for Chart 3. Number of disabled-worker beneficiaries and as a percentage of the insured population, December 1970–2003
Year Number
(in millions)		 As a percentage
of insured
population
(in percent)
1970 1.49 2.00
1971 1.65 2.17
1972 1.83 2.36
1973 2.02 2.51
1974 2.24 2.69
1975 2.49 2.92
1976 2.67 3.07
1977 2.83 3.17
1978 2.88 3.07
1979 2.87 2.93
1980 2.86 2.85
1981 2.78 2.71
1982 2.60 2.49
1983 2.57 2.44
1984 2.60 2.42
1985 2.66 2.42
1986 2.73 2.44
1987 2.79 2.45
1988 2.83 2.45
1989 2.90 2.45
1990 3.01 2.51
1991 3.19 2.63
1992 3.47 2.82
1993 3.73 3.00
1994 3.96 3.14
1995 4.19 3.26
1996 4.39 3.37
1997 4.51 3.40
1998 4.70 3.49
1999 4.88 3.56
2000 5.04 3.63
2001 5.27 3.75
2002 5.54 3.88
2003 5.87 4.05
SOURCES: Annual Statistical Supplement to the Social Security Bulletin, 2004, Table 4.C1; Annual Statistical Report on the Social Security Disability Insurance Program, 2003, Table 1.
Table equivalent for Chart 4. Average annual cost per beneficiary of Social Security disability benefits, 1970–2003
Year All a Disabled
workers		 Disabled
adult
children		 Disabled
widow(er)s
1970 8,565.49 7,592.92 4,068.02 4,556.52
1971 9,236.73 8,240.73 4,378.53 4,848.73
1972 9,686.76 8,578.70 5,141.88 5,700.32
1973 10,250.60 9,249.80 4,793.77 5,320.05
1974 9,976.42 8,988.45 4,791.84 5,363.59
1975 10,239.25 9,217.20 4,893.44 5,487.28
1976 10,766.13 9,712.73 5,028.12 5,586.39
1977 10,916.27 9,890.44 5,061.36 5,559.61
1978 10,752.04 9,750.96 5,019.69 5,405.29
1979 10,410.42 9,486.45 4,946.53 5,205.09
1980 10,456.30 9,574.18 5,098.46 5,253.93
1981 10,953.15 10,153.73 5,282.20 5,330.92
1982 11,277.33 10,742.02 5,553.24 5,486.21
1983 11,124.48 10,761.58 5,627.92 5,465.33
1984 10,867.17 10,531.02 5,676.63 6,431.84
1985 10,775.20 10,461.86 5,704.42 6,378.96
1986 10,926.12 10,641.89 5,779.98 6,399.45
1987 10,630.26 10,349.27 5,832.20 6,398.79
1988 10,608.78 10,356.60 5,877.00 6,387.95
1989 10,485.72 10,254.22 5,953.79 6,431.75
1990 10,343.71 10,114.95 5,978.77 6,428.74
1991 10,561.77 10,348.16 6,076.05 6,526.64
1992 10,659.32 10,433.01 6,134.66 6,587.25
1993 10,764.16 10,487.45 6,176.71 6,586.27
1994 10,777.63 10,472.64 6,240.34 6,593.46
1995 10,817.87 10,502.53 6,300.54 6,603.11
1996 10,816.40 10,499.29 6,334.99 6,567.86
1997 10,727.41 10,412.53 6,425.03 6,586.78
1998 10,714.29 10,403.12 6,468.83 6,575.40
1999 10,728.01 10,426.53 6,512.60 6,569.12
2000 10,769.71 10,471.10 6,587.26 6,604.90
2001 11,027.38 10,739.68 6,728.42 6,717.30
2002 11,285.55 11,010.59 6,729.31 6,700.60
2003 11,337.70 11,043.80 6,804.00 6,765.60
SOURCES: Annual Statistical Supplement to the Social Security Bulletin, 2004, Tables 4.A6 and 5.A17; Annual Statistical Report on the Social Security Disability Insurance Program, 2003, Table 1.
NOTE: All dollar amounts are in constant (price-adjusted) 2003 dollars. Costs have been annualized for disabled widow(er)s and disabled adult children paid from the Old-Age and Survivors Insurance Trust Fund.
a. Includes all types of disability beneficiaries (disabled workers, disabled adult children, and disabled widow(er)s), with any benefits paid to dependents (for example, spouses or minor children) included in the average.
Table equivalent for Chart 5. Percentage of Social Security disability beneficiaries also receiving SSI benefits, by type of beneficiary, December 1981–2003
Year Disabled
workers		 Disabled
adult
children		 Disabled
widow(er)s
1981 9.92 36.84 27.93
1982 9.98 36.98 27.31
1983 10.50 37.67 27.67
1984 11.35 38.38 22.50
1985 12.21 39.62 22.67
1986 13.09 40.19 22.73
1987 14.00 40.81 23.23
1988 14.53 41.15 23.22
1989 15.22 41.46 23.06
1990 15.43 41.63 22.94
1991 15.94 41.71 22.48
1992 16.37 41.90 22.32
1993 16.81 42.23 22.48
1994 16.94 42.41 22.47
1995 16.58 42.22 22.01
1996 15.75 41.85 21.48
1997 15.69 41.44 21.21
1998 15.34 41.40 20.65
1999 15.09 40.97 20.01
2000 14.74 40.46 19.41
2001 14.62 40.19 18.69
2002 14.43 39.78 18.23
SOURCE: Annual Statistical Supplement to the Social Security Bulletin (authors' compilation of data).
Table equivalent for Chart 6. Total cost of Medicare for the disabled, 1973–2001
Year Hospital
Insurance		 Supplementary
Medical
Insurance
1973 0.69 0.16
1974 2.36 1.13
1975 3.26 1.70
1976 4.11 2.17
1977 4.73 2.58
1978 5.15 2.92
1979 5.57 3.31
1980 5.96 3.65
1981 6.48 3.92
1982 7.50 4.48
1983 7.59 4.62
1984 7.92 4.36
1985 8.02 4.54
1986 8.44 4.99
1987 8.44 5.49
1988 8.53 5.57
1989 9.98 6.22
1990 9.89 6.37
1991 10.31 6.83
1992 11.40 7.39
1993 12.04 8.05
1994 14.17 9.02
1995 15.25 10.00
1996 15.76 10.48
1997 16.33 10.83
1998 15.21 11.49
1999 14.71 11.86
2000 14.95 12.35
2001 16.73 14.23
SOURCE: Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services, Medicare & Medicaid Statistical Supplement, Table 12, available at http://www.cms.hhs.gov/MedicareMedicaidStatSupp/LT/list.asp.
NOTES: Medicare uses a different definition of disability, and not all disabled Medicare beneficiaries receive cash disability benefits from Social Security.
All dollar amounts are in constant (price-adjusted) 2003 dollars.
Table equivalent for Chart 7. Number of disabled Medicare beneficiaries with Hospital Insurance and Supplementary Medical Insurance as of July 1, 1973–2001
Year Hospital
Insurance		 Supplementary
Medical
Insurance
1973 1.73 1.57
1974 1.93 1.75
1975 2.17 1.96
1976 2.39 2.17
1977 2.62 2.37
1978 2.79 2.54
1979 2.91 2.66
1980 2.96 2.72
1981 3.00 2.76
1982 2.95 2.71
1983 2.92 2.68
1984 2.88 2.65
1985 2.91 2.68
1986 2.96 2.73
1987 3.03 2.79
1988 3.10 2.84
1989 3.17 2.88
1990 3.26 2.94
1991 3.39 3.05
1992 3.58 3.24
1993 3.86 3.48
1994 4.15 3.74
1995 4.41 3.96
1996 4.65 4.17
1997 4.83 4.31
1998 5.04 4.49
1999 5.22 4.64
2000 5.37 4.77
2001 5.57 4.93
SOURCE: Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services, Medicare & Medicaid Statistical Supplement, Table 5, available at http://www.cms.hhs.gov/MedicareMedicaidStatSupp/LT/list.asp.
NOTES: Medicare uses a different definition of disability, and not all disabled Medicare beneficiaries receive cash disability benefits from Social Security.
Table equivalent for Chart 8. Percentage of disabled Medicare beneficiaries with Supplementary Medical Insurance coverage and the SMI premium level as of July 1, 1973–2001
Year SMI premium
(2003 dollars)		 Percentage
with SMI
1973 25.13 90.70
1974 23.79 90.51
1975 22.25 90.36
1976 22.80 90.64
1977 22.85 90.61
1978 22.32 91.05
1979 20.90 91.34
1980 20.50 91.77
1981 21.57 92.00
1982 23.04 91.57
1983 22.20 91.91
1984 25.55 91.92
1985 26.14 92.12
1986 25.85 92.16
1987 28.59 91.98
1988 37.93 91.46
1989 46.62 90.92
1990 39.39 90.41
1991 39.96 90.16
1992 41.30 90.61
1993 46.26 90.09
1994 50.60 89.98
1995 55.35 89.73
1996 49.39 89.54
1997 50.05 89.19
1998 49.25 88.99
1999 49.83 88.94
2000 48.19 88.79
2001 52.15 88.63
SOURCES: Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services, Medicare & Medicaid Statistical Supplement, Table 5, available at http://www.cms.hhs.gov/MedicareMedicaidStatSupp/LT/list.asp; 2004 Annual Report of the Board of Trustees of the Federal Hospital Insurance and Federal Supplementary Medical Insurance Trust Funds, Table IV.C2.
NOTES: Medicare uses a different definition of disability, and not all disabled Medicare beneficiaries receive cash disability benefits from Social Security.
All dollar amounts are in constant (price-adjusted) 2003 dollars.
Table equivalent for Chart 9. Average annual cost per disabled beneficiary of Medicare benefits, 1973–2001
Year HI and
SMI combined		 Hospital
Insurance		 Supplementary
Medical
Insurance
1973 490.87 400.99 99.09
1974 1,806.84 1,222.98 645.09
1975 2,286.82 1,504.13 866.20
1976 2,623.89 1,718.37 999.08
1977 2,791.02 1,806.29 1,086.82
1978 2,888.98 1,842.16 1,149.73
1979 3,049.19 1,912.55 1,244.36
1980 3,243.36 2,010.88 1,343.08
1981 3,468.22 2,161.34 1,420.56
1982 4,057.91 2,539.71 1,657.95
1983 4,184.25 2,601.83 1,721.67
1984 4,256.65 2,745.52 1,643.94
1985 4,320.16 2,758.10 1,695.63
1986 4,539.16 2,851.56 1,831.17
1987 4,594.10 2,783.65 1,968.25
1988 4,544.50 2,750.27 1,961.83
1989 5,110.08 3,148.00 2,158.09
1990 4,993.44 3,037.11 2,163.73
1991 5,064.79 3,047.24 2,237.68
1992 5,250.73 3,185.13 2,279.61
1993 5,200.87 3,115.81 2,314.54
1994 5,586.20 3,414.30 2,413.80
1995 5,726.58 3,459.53 2,526.65
1996 5,637.18 3,385.50 2,514.83
1997 5,623.76 3,381.87 2,513.60
1998 5,296.88 3,017.83 2,561.01
1999 5,090.74 2,818.77 2,554.37
2000 5,083.74 2,783.89 2,590.23
2001 5,560.73 3,005.00 2,883.61
SOURCE: Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services, Medicare & Medicaid Statistical Supplement, Tables 5 and 12, available at http://www.cms.hhs.gov/MedicareMedicaidStatSupp/LT/list.asp.
NOTES: Medicare uses a different definition of disability, and not all disabled Medicare beneficiaries receive cash disability benefits from Social Security.
All dollar amounts are in constant (price-adjusted) 2003 dollars.
Table equivalent for Chart 10. Total cost of SSI payments to all blind and disabled recipients, by source, 1974–2003
Year Federal Federally administered
state supplementation		 State-administered
supplementation
1974 7.28 2.25 0.18
1975 8.20 2.42 0.25
1976 8.64 2.38 0.25
1977 8.80 2.39 0.26
1978 8.64 2.33 0.24
1979 8.46 2.23 0.24
1980 8.56 2.33 0.23
1981 8.92 2.17 0.22
1982 9.26 2.09 0.22
1983 9.80 1.94 0.24
1984 10.66 2.01 0.27
1985 11.09 2.16 0.28
1986 12.19 2.48 0.31
1987 12.50 2.74 0.33
1988 12.94 2.75 0.34
1989 13.51 2.92 0.37
1990 14.29 3.03 0.39
1991 16.14 2.98 0.41
1992 19.93 3.13 0.42
1993 22.28 2.95 0.43
1994 23.28 2.76 0.44
1995 24.67 2.71 0.43
1996 25.35 2.50 0.36
1997 25.12 2.39 0.35
1998 25.95 2.43 0.48
1999 25.49 2.61 0.49
2000 25.12 2.58 0.52
2001 26.10 2.61 0.52
2002 26.67 2.82 0.52
2003 26.96 2.91 0.55
SOURCES: SSI Annual Statistical Report, 2003, Table 2; Annual Statistical Supplement to the Social Security Bulletin(authors' compilation of missing years).
NOTE: All dollar amounts are in constant (price-adjusted) 2003 dollars.
Table equivalent for Chart 11. Number of SSI blind and disabled recipients and as a percentage of the population in each age group, December 1974–2003
Year As a percentage
of population		 Number,
in millions
Aged
18–64		 Under
age 18		 Aged
18–64		 Under
age 18
1974 1.16 0.10 1.50 0.07
1975 1.29 0.15 1.70 0.11
1976 1.28 0.18 1.71 0.13
1977 1.27 0.22 1.74 0.15
1978 1.26 0.25 1.75 0.17
1979 1.22 0.27 1.73 0.18
1980 1.21 0.29 1.73 0.19
1981 1.17 0.30 1.70 0.19
1982 1.12 0.29 1.66 0.19
1983 1.14 0.30 1.70 0.20
1984 1.18 0.32 1.78 0.21
1985 1.23 0.35 1.88 0.23
1986 1.30 0.37 2.01 0.24
1987 1.36 0.38 2.12 0.25
1988 1.40 0.38 2.20 0.26
1989 1.45 0.40 2.30 0.26
1990 1.53 0.46 2.45 0.31
1991 1.63 0.57 2.64 0.40
1992 1.78 0.79 2.91 0.56
1993 1.91 1.01 3.15 0.72
1994 2.00 1.16 3.34 0.84
1995 2.06 1.26 3.48 0.92
1996 2.09 1.30 3.57 0.96
1997 2.06 1.19 3.56 0.88
1998 2.08 1.19 3.65 0.89
1999 2.08 1.13 3.69 0.85
2000 2.08 1.13 3.74 0.85
2001 2.09 1.17 3.81 0.88
2002 2.10 1.21 3.88 0.91
2003 2.13 1.28 3.95 0.96
SOURCES: SSI Annual Statistical Report, 2003, Table 3; 2004 Annual Report of the Supplemental Security Income Program, Table IV.A1.
NOTE: The reference population is the "Selected Social Security Area Population" of the appropriate age group and includes the population of the United States and several additional areas. See the glossary for a complete definition.
Table equivalent for Chart 12. Average annual cost per blind and disabled recipient of SSI payments, by age, 1980–2003
Year Aged 18–64 Under
age 18
1980 3,802.67 4,452.99
1981 3,962.97 4,607.59
1982 4,202.66 5,046.82
1983 4,346.68 5,265.68
1984 4,461.95 5,451.22
1985 4,381.54 5,457.87
1986 4,499.74 5,746.33
1987 4,414.17 5,728.72
1988 4,408.45 5,724.95
1989 4,419.04 5,655.47
1990 4,411.89 5,360.83
1991 4,755.92 5,646.58
1992 5,028.70 7,361.44
1993 5,145.91 6,837.36
1994 5,058.13 6,096.58
1995 5,112.56 6,097.21
1996 5,183.03 6,018.41
1997 5,134.50 6,389.37
1998 5,189.91 6,293.75
1999 5,148.73 6,250.60
2000 5,040.77 5,990.30
2001 5,186.74 6,036.87
2002 5,166.03 5,961.39
2003 5,217.73 5,953.85
SOURCES: SSI Annual Statistical Report, 2003, Table 3; 2004 Annual Report of the Supplemental Security Income Program, Table IV.C1.
NOTE: All dollar amounts are in constant (price-adjusted) 2003 dollars.
Table equivalent for Chart 13. Percentage of SSI blind and disabled adults also receiving Social Security disability benefits, by type of benefit, December 1981–2003
Year Any
Social
Security
benefit		 Disabled
worker		 Disabled
adult
child		 Disabled
widow(er)
1981 27.66 16.17 9.49 0.02
1982 27.57 15.69 9.99 0.02
1983 27.89 15.88 10.23 0.02
1984 28.23 16.56 10.32 0.01
1985 29.02 17.26 10.48 0.01
1986 29.27 17.76 10.31 0.01
1987 29.77 18.40 10.22 0.01
1988 29.89 18.67 10.14 0.01
1989 30.27 19.28 9.98 0.01
1990 29.49 18.96 9.58 0.01
1991 29.37 19.29 9.11 0.01
1992 29.09 19.51 8.57 0.01
1993 29.16 19.89 8.21 0.01
1994 29.18 20.13 7.97 0.01
1995 28.75 19.93 7.73 0.01
1996 28.03 19.36 7.57 0.01
1997 28.56 19.86 7.58 0.01
1998 28.42 19.76 7.57 0.01
1999 28.48 19.93 7.47 0.01
2000 28.20 19.82 7.34 0.01
2001 28.40 20.17 7.24 0.01
2002 28.68 20.60 7.11 0.01
2003 29.77 21.84 7.01 0.01
SOURCE: SSI Annual Statistical Report, 2003, Tables 3 and 16.
Table equivalent for Chart 14. Total cost of Medicaid for the disabled, fiscal years 1975–2001
Year Cost
(billions of
2003 dllars)
1975 10.44
1976 12.41
1977 14.49
1978 15.30
1979 16.54
1980 16.28
1981 18.54
1982 19.65
1983 20.68
1984 20.96
1985 22.68
1986 24.87
1987 26.86
1988 28.44
1989 30.52
1990 33.61
1991 37.76
1992 44.16
1993 48.86
1994 52.07
1995 59.33
1996 60.50
1997 61.85
1998 67.89
1999 72.11
2000 77.05
2001 83.65
SOURCE: Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services, Medicare & Medicaid Statistical Supplement, 2003, Table 94 (fiscal year data), available at http://www.cms.hhs.gov/MedicareMedicaidStatSupp/LT/list.asp.
NOTES: Medicaid uses a different definition of disability, and not all disabled Medicaid recipients receive payments from the SSI program. Also, not all SSI recipients are categorically eligible for Medicaid.
All dollar amounts are in constant (price-adjusted) 2003 dollars.
Table equivalent for Chart 15. Number of disabled Medicaid recipients, fiscal years 1975–2001
Year Number (millions)
1975 2.46
1976 2.67
1977 2.80
1978 2.72
1979 2.75
1980 2.91
1981 3.08
1982 2.89
1983 2.92
1984 2.91
1985 3.01
1986 3.18
1987 3.38
1988 3.49
1989 3.59
1990 3.72
1991 4.03
1992 4.49
1993 5.02
1994 5.46
1995 5.86
1996 6.22
1997 6.13
1998 6.64
1999 6.70
2000 6.89
2001 7.11
SOURCE: Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services, Medicare & Medicaid Statistical Supplement, 2003, Table 88, available at http://www.cms.hhs.gov/MedicareMedicaidStatSupp/LT/list.asp.
NOTE: Medicaid uses a different definition of disability, and not all disabled Medicaid recipients receive payments from the SSI program. Also, not all SSI recipients are categorically eligible for Medicaid.
Table equivalent for Chart 16. Average annual cost per disabled recipient of Medicaid payments, fiscal years 1975–2001
Year 2003 dollars
1975 4,238.50
1976 4,650.93
1977 5,171.93
1978 5,628.90
1979 6,006.73
1980 5,590.93
1981 6,020.73
1982 6,796.25
1983 7,079.95
1984 7,196.22
1985 7,530.73
1986 7,816.78
1987 7,943.70
1988 8,155.66
1989 8,502.57
1990 9,041.09
1991 9,361.96
1992 9,842.76
1993 9,741.28
1994 9,540.91
1995 10,128.68
1996 9,725.41
1997 10,091.12
1998 10,228.80
1999 10,765.94
2000 11,184.21
2001 11,770.45
SOURCE: Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services, Medicare & Medicaid Statistical Supplement, 2003, Tables 88 and 94 (fiscal year data), available at http://www.cms.hhs.gov/MedicareMedicaidStatSupp/LT/list.asp.
NOTES: Medicaid uses a different definition of disability, and not all disabled Medicaid recipients receive payments from the SSI program. Also, not all SSI recipients are categorically eligible for Medicaid.
All dollar amounts are in constant (price-adjusted) 2003 dollars.
Table equivalent for Chart 17. Cost of disability benefits as a percentage of gross domestic product, by type of benefit, 1970–2001
Year Medicaid
for
disabled a		 SSI
adults
18–64		 SSI
children b		 Medicare
HI		 Medicare
SMI		 Disabled
widow(er)s		 Disabled
adult
children		 DI
children		 DI
spouses		 DI
workers
1970 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.02 0.04 0.02 0.24
1971 0 0 0 0 0 0.01 0.02 0.05 0.02 0.27
1972 0 0 0 0 0 0.01 0.03 0.05 0.02 0.29
1973 0 0 0 0.01 0 0.01 0.03 0.05 0.02 0.34
1974 0 0.12 0 0.04 0.02 0.01 0.03 0.06 0.02 0.38
1975 0.19 0.13 0 0.06 0.03 0.01 0.03 0.07 0.02 0.42
1976 0.21 0.13 0 0.07 0.04 0.01 0.03 0.07 0.02 0.45
1977 0.24 0.12 0 0.08 0.04 0.01 0.03 0.07 0.02 0.47
1978 0.24 0.13 0 0.08 0.05 0.01 0.03 0.07 0.02 0.45
1979 0.27 0.12 0 0.09 0.05 0.01 0.03 0.07 0.02 0.44
1980 0.27 0.12 0.01 0.10 0.06 0.01 0.04 0.07 0.02 0.46
1981 0.30 0.11 0.01 0.11 0.06 0.01 0.04 0.07 0.02 0.46
1982 0.32 0.11 0.02 0.12 0.07 0.01 0.04 0.06 0.02 0.46
1983 0.32 0.11 0.02 0.12 0.07 0.01 0.04 0.05 0.02 0.43
1984 0.30 0.12 0.02 0.12 0.06 0.01 0.04 0.04 0.01 0.40
1985 0.32 0.12 0.02 0.11 0.06 0.01 0.04 0.04 0.01 0.39
1986 0.33 0.12 0.02 0.11 0.07 0.01 0.04 0.04 0.01 0.39
1987 0.35 0.12 0.02 0.11 0.07 0.01 0.04 0.04 0.01 0.38
1988 0.36 0.12 0.02 0.11 0.07 0.01 0.04 0.04 0.01 0.38
1989 0.38 0.13 0.02 0.12 0.08 0.01 0.04 0.04 0.01 0.37
1990 0.42 0.14 0.02 0.12 0.08 0.01 0.04 0.04 0.01 0.38
1991 0.47 0.16 0.03 0.13 0.09 0.01 0.05 0.04 0.01 0.41
1992 0.54 0.18 0.05 0.14 0.09 0.01 0.05 0.04 0.01 0.44
1993 0.58 0.19 0.06 0.14 0.10 0.01 0.05 0.05 0.01 0.46
1994 0.60 0.19 0.06 0.16 0.10 0.01 0.05 0.05 0.01 0.48
1995 0.67 0.20 0.06 0.17 0.11 0.01 0.05 0.05 0.01 0.49
1996 0.67 0.20 0.06 0.17 0.12 0.01 0.05 0.05 0.01 0.51
1997 0.65 0.19 0.06 0.17 0.11 0.01 0.05 0.05 0.01 0.49
1998 0.69 0.19 0.06 0.15 0.12 0.01 0.05 0.05 0.01 0.50
1999 0.71 0.19 0.05 0.14 0.12 0.01 0.05 0.05 0 0.50
2000 0.74 0.18 0.05 0.14 0.12 0.01 0.05 0.05 0 0.51
2001 0.79 0.19 0.05 0.16 0.14 0.01 0.05 0.05 0 0.54
SOURCES: Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services, Medicare & Medicaid Statistical Supplement, 2003, Tables 12 and 94 (fiscal year data), available at http://www.cms.hhs.gov/MedicareMedicaidStatSupp/LT/list.asp; 2004 Annual Report of the Supplemental Security Income Program, Table IV.C1; Annual Statistical Supplement to the Social Security Bulletin, 2004, Tables 4.A6 and 5.A17; Bureau of Economic Analysis, gross domestic product, available at http://www.bea.gov/bea/dn/home/gdp.htm.
NOTE: Medicaid data are for the fiscal year. All other data are for the calendar year.
a. Medicaid is for disabled persons, including those aged 65 or older.
b. Before 1980, SSI children were counted in the category "SSI adults 18–64."
Table equivalent for Chart 18. Cost of disability programs as a percentage of GDP
  Percent
Country 5.58
Norway 4.66
Sweden 4.64
Netherlands 4.51
Poland 3.78
Denmark 3.08
Germany 2.92
Austria 2.40
Switzerland 2.28
Spain 1.83
Italy 1.72
Belgium 1.67
France 1.54
United Kingdom 1.53
Portugal 1.44
Australia 1.40
United States 1.28
Canada 0.29
Korea 0.29
Mexico
Other
European Union 2.70
OECD members 2.42
Non European Union 2.07
SOURCE: Bernd Marin and Christopher Prinz, Facts and Figures on Disability Welfare: A Pictorial Portrait of an OECD Report (Vienna: European Centre for Social Welfare Policy and Research, 2003, 36).
NOTES: Source and year of data from the report vary by country; data are from a year between 1996 and 2000, depending on the country.
These figures include benefit costs for disability programs and employment-related programs for the disabled; they do not include health coverage.
OECD = Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development.
Table equivalent for Chart 19. Disability as self-reported by persons aged 16–64 compared with the size of the disability programs, 2000
Disability program Disability population (millions)
Self-reported disability
Census
Any disability 33.2
Work disability 21.3
CPS
Work disability 17.1
Severe work disability 11.3
Disabled beneficiaries a
Social Security
Worker 5.0
Disabled adult child 0.7
Disabled widow(er) 0.2
SSI
Adults 18–64 3.7
Children 16–17 0.1
DI, SSI, or both 8.7
SOURCES: Census Bureau data available at http://www.census.gov/hhes/www/disability/disability.html; Current Population Survey (CPS) data available at http://www.bls.census.gov/cps/cpsmain.htm; Annual Statistical Supplement to the Social Security Bulletin, 2001, Tables 5.A1, 7.A1, and 7.D1.
a. Data are for December 2000.
Table equivalent for Chart 20. Prevalence of moderate and severe disability as a percentage of the population aged 20–64 (in percent)
Severity Severe Moderate Total
Country
Sweden 9.6 11.0 20.6
Portugal 7.8 11.2 19.0
Netherlands 6.1 12.7 18.8
Denmark 4.0 14.6 18.6
United Kingdom 5.2 13.0 18.2
Germany 4.8 13.3 18.1
Norway 6.4 10.3 16.7
Canada a a 16.1
France 6.3 9.5 15.8
Switzerland a a 14.6
Poland a a 14.5
Austria 3.4 9.6 13.0
Australia 4.1 8.7 12.8
Spain 4.4 6.9 11.3
Belgium 3.8 7.1 10.9
United States 3.4 7.3 10.7
Italy 2.2 4.9 7.1
Mexico a a 7.0
Korea 0.4 2.6 3.0
Other
European Union 6.2 9.4 15.6
OECD members 4.6 9.4 14.0
Non European Union 1.8 10.1 11.9
SOURCE: Bernd Marin and Christopher Prinz, Facts and Figures on Disability Welfare: A Pictorial Portrait of an OECD Report (Vienna: European Centre for Social Welfare Policy and Research, 2003, 31).
NOTES: Source and year of data from the OECD report vary by country; data are from a year between 1996 and 2000, depending on the country. The U.S. data reported by OECD are from wave 4 of the 1996 Survey of Income and Program Participation.
OECD = Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development.
a. Several countries (Canada, Switzerland, Poland, and Mexico) did not report data separately for severe and moderate disability, only the total.