Fast Facts & Figures About Social Security, 2020

Taxable earnings as a percentage of earnings in covered employment and percentage of workers with maximum taxable earnings, selected years
Year Taxable earnings Workers with maximum taxable earnings
1937 92.0 3.1
1945 87.9 13.7
1955 80.3 25.6
1965 71.3 36.1
1975 84.4 15.0
1985 88.9 6.5
1995 85.8 5.8
2005 84.1 6.1
2015 82.9 6.2
2019 83.3 6.0
SOURCE: SSA, Office of the Chief Actuary.
Percentage of population in the Social Security area fully insured and insured for disability benefits, by sex
Sex 1970 2019
Fully insured  
Men 93 90
Women 63 86
Insured for disability a  
Men 84 79
Women 41 75
SOURCE: SSA, Office of the Chief Actuary.
NOTES: The population in the Social Security area includes residents of the 50 states and the District of Columbia adjusted for net census undercount; civilian residents of American Samoa, Guam, Northern Mariana Islands, Puerto Rico, and U.S. Virgin Islands; federal civilian employees and persons in the U.S. armed forces abroad and their dependents; noncitizens living abroad who are insured for Social Security benefits; and all other U.S. citizens abroad.
Figures are subject to revision.
a. Insured for disability excludes those who have reached full retirement age.
New awards to retired and disabled workers (in millions)
Year Retired workers Disabled workers
1979 1.591 0.417
1980 1.613 0.397
1981 1.579 0.352
1982 1.618 0.297
1983 1.670 0.312
1984 1.607 0.362
1985 1.690 0.377
1986 1.734 0.417
1987 1.682 0.416
1988 1.654 0.409
1989 1.657 0.426
1990 1.665 0.468
1991 1.695 0.536
1992 1.708 0.637
1993 1.661 0.635
1994 1.625 0.632
1995 1.609 0.646
1996 1.581 0.624
1997 1.719 0.587
1998 1.632 0.608
1999 1.690 0.620
2000 1.961 0.622
2001 1.779 0.691
2002 1.813 0.750
2003 1.791 0.777
2004 1.883 0.796
2005 2.000 0.830
2006 1.999 0.799
2007 2.036 0.805
2008 2.279 0.877
2009 2.740 0.971
2010 2.634 1.027
2011 2.578 0.999
2012 2.735 0.960
2013 2.794 0.869
2014 2.772 0.779
2015 2.839 0.741
2016 2.911 0.706
2017 2.975 0.716
2018 3.082 0.687
2019 3.175 0.679
SOURCE: SSA, Master Beneficiary Record, 100 percent data.
Average age of disabled-worker and retired-worker beneficiaries, selected years
Year Retired-worker beneficiaries Disabled-worker beneficiaries
1960 72.4 57.2
1965 72.5 54.7
1970 72.3 54.2
1975 72.3 53.8
1980 72.4 53.2
1985 72.8 52.1
1990 73.1 50.5
1995 73.6 49.8
2000 73.9 50.8
2005 73.9 51.8
2010 73.7 52.8
2015 73.7 53.9
2019 74.0 54.9
SOURCE: SSA, Master Beneficiary Record, 10 percent sample for 1990–2005 and 100 percent data for all other years.
Women as a percentage of retired-worker and disabled-worker beneficiaries, selected years
Year Retired-worker beneficiaries Disabled-worker beneficiaries
1940 11.6 --
1950 17.1 --
1957 -- 19.1
1960 35.3 21.8
1970 42.4 28.4
1980 46.5 32.6
1990 47.7 34.7
2000 48.2 43.3
2010 49.0 47.0
2019 50.4 49.5
SOURCE: SSA, Master Beneficiary Record, 100 percent data.
NOTE: -- = not available.
Number and average monthly benefit for children receiving OASDI, by type of beneficiary, December 2019
Type of beneficiary Number (thousands) Average monthly benefit (dollars)
Children of retired workers 362 689
Children of disabled workers 1,311 379
Children of deceased workers 1,238 888
SOURCE: SSA, Master Beneficiary Record, 100 percent data.
Persons receiving federally administered SSI payments, December (in millions)
Year Total Under 18 18–64 65 or older
1974 4.00 0.07 1.50 2.42
1975 4.31 0.11 1.70 2.51
1976 4.24 0.13 1.71 2.40
1977 4.24 0.15 1.74 2.35
1978 4.22 0.17 1.75 2.30
1979 4.15 0.18 1.73 2.25
1980 4.14 0.19 1.73 2.22
1981 4.02 0.19 1.70 2.12
1982 3.86 0.19 1.66 2.01
1983 3.90 0.20 1.70 2.00
1984 4.03 0.21 1.78 2.04
1985 4.14 0.23 1.88 2.03
1986 4.27 0.24 2.01 2.02
1987 4.39 0.25 2.12 2.02
1988 4.46 0.26 2.20 2.01
1989 4.59 0.26 2.30 2.03
1990 4.82 0.31 2.45 2.06
1991 5.12 0.40 2.64 2.08
1992 5.57 0.56 2.91 2.10
1993 5.98 0.72 3.15 2.11
1994 6.30 0.84 3.34 2.12
1995 6.51 0.92 3.48 2.11
1996 6.61 0.96 3.57 2.09
1997 6.49 0.88 3.56 2.05
1998 6.57 0.89 3.65 2.03
1999 6.56 0.85 3.69 2.02
2000 6.60 0.85 3.74 2.01
2001 6.69 0.88 3.81 2.00
2002 6.79 0.91 3.88 2.00
2003 6.90 0.96 3.95 1.99
2004 6.99 0.99 4.02 1.98
2005 7.11 1.04 4.08 1.99
2006 7.24 1.08 4.15 2.00
2007 7.36 1.12 4.22 2.02
2008 7.52 1.15 4.33 2.03
2009 7.68 1.20 4.45 2.03
2010 7.91 1.24 4.63 2.04
2011 8.11 1.28 4.78 2.06
2012 8.26 1.31 4.87 2.08
2013 8.36 1.32 4.93 2.11
2014 8.34 1.30 4.91 2.12
2015 8.31 1.27 4.89 2.15
2016 8.25 1.21 4.85 2.19
2017 8.23 1.18 4.81 2.24
2018 8.13 1.15 4.71 2.27
2019 8.08 1.13 4.65 2.30
SOURCE: SSA, Supplemental Security Record, 100 percent data.
Percentage distribution of SSI recipients, by age, December
Year Under 18 18–64 65 or older
1974 1.8 37.6 60.6
1975 2.5 39.4 58.1
1976 3.0 40.5 56.6
1977 3.5 41.0 55.5
1978 3.9 41.4 54.6
1979 4.3 41.6 54.1
1980 4.6 41.8 53.6
1981 4.8 42.4 52.8
1982 5.0 42.9 52.1
1983 5.1 43.6 51.3
1984 5.3 44.2 50.6
1985 5.5 45.4 49.1
1986 5.6 47.1 47.3
1987 5.7 48.3 46.0
1988 5.7 49.3 44.9
1989 5.8 50.1 44.1
1990 6.4 50.9 42.7
1991 7.8 51.6 40.6
1992 10.0 52.3 37.7
1993 12.1 52.6 35.3
1994 13.4 53.0 33.7
1995 14.1 53.5 32.5
1996 14.4 54.0 31.6
1997 13.5 54.8 31.6
1998 13.5 55.5 31.0
1999 12.9 56.3 30.8
2000 12.8 56.7 30.5
2001 13.2 57.0 29.8
2002 13.5 57.1 29.4
2003 13.9 57.3 28.8
2004 14.2 57.5 28.3
2005 14.6 57.4 28.0
2006 14.9 57.4 27.7
2007 15.2 57.4 27.4
2008 15.3 57.6 27.0
2009 15.6 58.0 26.4
2010 15.7 58.5 25.8
2011 15.7 58.9 25.4
2012 15.9 58.9 25.2
2013 15.8 59.0 25.2
2014 15.6 58.9 25.5
2015 15.2 58.8 25.9
2016 14.7 58.7 26.6
2017 14.4 58.4 27.2
2018 14.1 58.0 27.9
2019 14.0 57.5 28.5
SOURCE: SSA, Supplemental Security Record, 100 percent data.
Percentage distribution of SSI recipients by sex, by age, December 2019
Age Men Women
All ages 48 52
Under 18 68 32
18–64 49 51
65 or older 35 65
SOURCE: SSA, Supplemental Security Record, 100 percent data.
Percentage of SSI recipients also receiving other income, by source and age, December 2019
Age OASDI Other unearned income Earnings
All ages 33.4 10.2 3.2
Under 18 6.4 22.0 0.2
18–64 28.5 7.3 4.9
65 or older 56.5 10.4 1.3
SOURCE: SSA, Supplemental Security Record, 100 percent data.
Number of children under age 18 receiving SSI, and average monthly SSI payment to children under age 18
Year Number of children receiving SSI (in thousands) Average monthly SSI payment a
1974 70.90 109.15
1975 107.03 141.09
1976 125.41 154.24
1977 147.36 170.03
1978 165.90 171.72
1979 177.31 193.26
1980 190.39 219.08
1981 194.89 240.84
1982 191.57 263.22
1983 198.32 280.96
1984 211.59 292.86
1985 227.38 301.26
1986 241.20 321.34
1987 250.90 327.27
1988 255.14 343.24
1989 264.89 357.64
1990 308.59 403.72
1991 397.16 446.05
1992 556.47 610.98
1993 722.68 460.54
1994 841.47 448.07
1995 917.05 447.57
1996 955.17 442.01
1997 879.83 433.83
1998 887.07 441.75
1999 847.06 450.13
2000 846.78 463.05
2001 881.84 476.09
2002 914.82 487.73
2003 959.38 490.63
2004 993.13 505.98
2005 1,036.50 522.80
2006 1,079.00 542.00
2007 1,121.00 555.00
2008 1,153.80 561.00
2009 1,199.79 593.00
2010 1,239.30 597.00
2011 1,277.00 601.00
2012 1,311.86 621.00
2013 1,321.68 631.00
2014 1,299.76 633.23
2015 1,267.16 643.06
2016 1,213.08 649.58
2017 1,182.59 647.48
2018 1,148.04 655.49
2019 1,132.08 669.78
SOURCE: SSA, Supplemental Security Record, 100 percent data.
NOTE: SSI = Supplemental Security Income.
a. As of 1998, these figures exclude retroactive payments.