Earnings and Disability Program Participation of Youth Transition Demonstration Participants after 24 Months

by Jeffrey Hemmeter
Social Security Bulletin, Vol. 74 No. 1, 2014

Text description for Chart 1.
YTD design objectives

Transition Efforts by Youth

Key outcomes

SOURCE: Adapted from Rangarajan and others (2009).
Table equivalent for Chart 2. Percentage point differences in SSI and DI participation rates between YTD treatment groups and control groups in the month of random assignment and after 24 months, by project site
Project site Month of random assignment After 24 months
  SSI participation rates
New York: CUNY 5.4*** 10.9***
New York: Erie County 2.3 6.3**
Colorado -1.6 2.9
Maryland -5.3** -1.0
Florida -2.5 11.7***
West Virginia 2.0 8.7***
  DI participation rates
New York: CUNY -0.4 -1.6
New York: Erie County -3.8 -1.5
Colorado -2.1 -1.3
Maryland 1.2 0.6
Florida 1.3 2.7
West Virginia 1.5 4.0
SOURCE: Author's calculations using SSA program records.
NOTES: Each value reflects the treatment-group percentage minus the control-group percentage at the given site and time.
* = statistically significant at the .10 level (two-tailed t-test).
** = statistically significant at the .05 level (two-tailed t-test).
*** = statistically significant at the .01 level (two-tailed t-test).
Table equivalent for Chart 3. CUNY participants: Average amount of SSA program payments in 12 months preceding and 24 months following random assignment (in dollars)
Month Treatment group Control group Difference
-12 610.01 606.17 3.84
-11 618.21 605.61 12.60
-10 618.12 606.47 11.66
-9 623.61 609.70 13.92
-8 619.33 601.82 17.51
-7 619.26 596.98 22.28
-6 629.29 598.29 31.00**
-5 627.70 594.68 33.02**
-4 628.49 593.74 34.76**
-3 629.39 592.29 37.11***
-2 627.82 586.68 41.14***
-1 625.24 577.76 47.48***
0 625.77 575.70 50.07***
1 615.35 567.85 47.50***
2 617.55 569.93 47.62***
3 616.07 581.95 34.12**
4 616.56 581.55 35.00**
5 620.35 589.01 31.34**
6 615.38 574.72 40.67***
7 621.39 589.92 31.46**
8 627.51 588.83 38.68**
9 624.71 581.39 43.32***
10 620.47 580.82 39.65**
11 620.36 576.15 44.21***
12 617.10 577.85 39.26**
13 613.73 574.32 39.41**
14 612.77 571.46 41.32**
15 624.93 563.77 61.16***
16 628.90 563.53 65.37***
17 629.28 571.71 57.57***
18 627.30 572.92 54.38***
19 616.45 566.42 50.03***
20 616.67 559.97 56.71***
21 600.12 541.30 58.82***
22 593.98 521.55 72.43***
23 593.18 512.70 80.47***
24 590.71 506.38 84.34***
SOURCE: Author's calculations using SSA program records.
NOTES: Payments are adjusted to 2012 dollars using the CPI-W.
* = statistically significant at the .10 level (two-tailed t-test).
** = statistically significant at the .05 level (two-tailed t-test: months -6, -5, -4, 3, 4, 5, 7, 8, 10, 12, 13, and 14).
*** = statistically significant at the .01 level (two-tailed t-test: months -3, -2, -1, 0, 1, 2, 6, 9, 11, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, and 24).
Table equivalent for Chart 4. Erie County participants: Average amount of SSA payments in 12 months preceding and 24 months following random assignment (in dollars)
Month Treatment group Control group Difference
-12 629.25 622.21 7.04
-11 628.40 618.52 9.87
-10 635.14 630.20 4.94
-9 632.19 629.00 3.20
-8 629.80 632.78 -2.98
-7 629.73 645.74 -16.02
-6 633.23 647.60 -14.37
-5 641.13 642.20 -1.08
-4 646.37 642.44 3.94
-3 647.49 644.42 3.08
-2 647.49 645.78 1.71
-1 654.41 638.92 15.49
0 653.33 645.04 8.28
1 650.89 647.50 3.39
2 651.00 639.81 11.19
3 643.06 626.21 16.85
4 646.58 620.62 25.96
5 641.82 622.43 19.39
6 637.08 625.21 11.87
7 638.19 623.47 14.72
8 629.34 621.12 8.22
9 638.47 612.45 26.02
10 634.09 611.01 23.08
11 643.15 613.49 29.66
12 636.00 606.68 29.32
13 645.01 624.11 20.90
14 647.46 615.25 32.21
15 641.28 606.34 34.94*
16 649.54 624.31 25.22
17 650.60 614.18 36.42*
18 662.90 624.94 37.96*
19 663.84 598.16 65.68***
20 667.79 616.20 51.59**
21 668.46 624.89 43.57**
22 675.16 619.77 55.39***
23 688.03 622.88 65.15***
24 664.44 603.25 61.19***
SOURCE: Author's calculations using SSA program records.
NOTES: Payments are adjusted to 2012 dollars using the CPI-W.
* = statistically significant at the .10 level (two-tailed t-test: months 15, 17, and 18).
** = statistically significant at the .05 level (two-tailed t-test: months 20 and 21).
*** = statistically significant at the .01 level (two-tailed t-test: months 19, 22, 23, and 24).
Table equivalent for Chart 5. Colorado participants: Average amount of SSA program payments in 12 months preceding and 24 months following random assignment (in dollars)
Month Treatment group Control group Difference
-12 542.00 561.13 -19.13
-11 554.51 563.40 -8.89
-10 563.25 561.44 1.82
-9 558.72 564.44 -5.71
-8 563.14 580.30 -17.15
-7 573.27 593.82 -20.55
-6 592.57 596.25 -3.67
-5 597.63 605.83 -8.20
-4 599.84 606.54 -6.70
-3 601.60 607.48 -5.89
-2 603.23 609.16 -5.93
-1 606.49 607.93 -1.44
0 609.00 607.61 1.38
1 608.12 600.81 7.31
2 615.58 610.74 4.84
3 613.78 612.23 1.55
4 621.67 613.67 7.99
5 611.10 603.78 7.32
6 615.79 595.88 19.91
7 606.44 592.87 13.57
8 607.80 589.38 18.42
9 607.22 589.65 17.57
10 612.81 587.15 25.66*
11 604.42 589.27 15.15
12 612.48 591.36 21.11
13 607.94 585.78 22.16
14 619.75 595.56 24.19
15 608.49 581.71 26.78
16 617.42 601.20 16.22
17 627.55 598.60 28.94*
18 619.91 594.88 25.03
19 624.25 599.23 25.02
20 626.91 601.83 25.08
21 634.04 610.80 23.24
22 628.82 607.45 21.37
23 620.89 591.37 29.52
24 630.08 613.09 16.99
SOURCE: Author's calculations using SSA program records.
NOTES: Payments are adjusted to 2012 dollars using the CPI-W.
* = statistically significant at the .10 level (two-tailed t-test: months 10 and 17).
** = statistically significant at the .05 level (two-tailed t-test).
*** = statistically significant at the .01 level (two-tailed t-test).
Table equivalent for Chart 6. Maryland participants: Average amount of SSA program payments in 12 months preceding and 24 months following random assignment (in dollars)
Month Treatment group Control group Difference
-12 49.32 64.83 -15.50
-11 51.56 64.26 -12.70
-10 52.50 65.31 -12.82
-9 53.10 68.58 -15.48
-8 54.24 69.02 -14.78
-7 54.77 73.94 -19.17
-6 52.25 74.22 -21.97
-5 50.18 75.66 -25.48*
-4 50.79 75.17 -24.37*
-3 53.97 78.34 -24.37*
-2 56.89 75.56 -18.66
-1 60.53 82.57 -22.03
0 65.91 89.22 -23.31
1 71.77 89.68 -17.91
2 72.46 94.48 -22.02
3 78.64 99.50 -20.86
4 83.78 99.57 -15.79
5 84.75 102.62 -17.86
6 86.68 104.05 -17.37
7 85.35 102.30 -16.94
8 93.33 106.65 -13.32
9 95.85 107.56 -11.71
10 102.48 107.29 -4.81
11 102.60 116.92 -14.31
12 104.35 117.20 -12.85
13 107.77 119.47 -11.71
14 108.63 119.16 -10.53
15 108.98 118.56 -9.57
16 108.43 115.94 -7.51
17 116.01 119.34 -3.33
18 122.45 120.18 2.27
19 125.34 128.09 -2.75
20 129.96 130.02 -0.05
21 131.10 132.52 -1.42
22 131.17 132.02 -0.86
23 133.95 131.90 2.04
24 135.46 133.00 2.45
SOURCE: Author's calculations using SSA program records.
NOTES: Payments are adjusted to 2012 dollars using the CPI-W.
* = statistically significant at the .10 level (two-tailed t-test: months 3, 4, and 5).
** = statistically significant at the .05 level (two-tailed t-test).
*** = statistically significant at the .01 level (two-tailed t-test).
Table equivalent for Chart 7. Florida participants: Average amount of SSA program payments in 12 months preceding and 24 months following random assignment (in dollars)
Month Treatment group Control group Difference
-12 564.71 575.53 -10.82
-11 567.20 571.99 -4.79
-10 567.23 572.83 -5.60
-9 558.91 568.19 -9.27
-8 553.58 585.94 -32.36*
-7 540.86 580.89 -40.03**
-6 540.65 572.24 -31.59*
-5 548.07 568.55 -20.48
-4 536.53 557.44 -20.90
-3 525.72 558.47 -32.75*
-2 523.75 559.63 -35.88*
-1 521.99 552.27 -30.29
0 521.65 557.45 -35.80*
1 515.51 551.56 -36.05*
2 511.05 542.43 -31.38
3 512.06 527.71 -15.65
4 512.71 511.62 1.09
5 513.08 499.97 13.11
6 515.64 506.30 9.34
7 512.82 498.66 14.16
8 513.89 503.27 10.61
9 511.48 503.25 8.23
10 516.93 496.89 20.04
11 516.35 490.15 26.20
12 513.57 488.38 25.19
13 513.33 485.82 27.51
14 514.65 477.92 36.73*
15 510.21 477.29 32.93
16 510.58 470.33 40.25*
17 510.28 460.85 49.44**
18 507.73 460.03 47.70**
19 512.61 460.37 52.24**
20 511.29 457.92 53.38**
21 507.69 453.57 54.12**
22 505.49 451.89 53.60**
23 508.00 444.03 63.97***
24 506.53 445.99 60.54***
SOURCE: Author's calculations using SSA program records.
NOTES: Payments are adjusted to 2012 dollars using the CPI-W.
* = statistically significant at the .10 level (two-tailed t-test: months -8, -6, -3, -2, 0, 1, 14, and 16).
** = statistically significant at the .05 level (two-tailed t-test: months -7, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, and 22).
*** = statistically significant at the .01 level (two-tailed t-test: months 23 and 24).
Table equivalent for Chart 8. West Virginia participants: Average amount of SSA program payments in 12 months preceding and 24 months following random assignment (in dollars)
Month Treatment group Control group Difference
-12 586.42 580.66 5.76
-11 589.18 591.28 -2.10
-10 596.21 586.78 9.43
-9 601.92 597.29 4.64
-8 603.48 598.48 5.00
-7 608.02 592.54 15.48
-6 604.63 597.91 6.73
-5 607.59 596.61 10.98
-4 611.08 600.78 10.29
-3 612.81 606.80 6.01
-2 613.54 608.44 5.10
-1 619.40 611.11 8.29
0 617.02 595.11 21.91
1 615.46 604.10 11.36
2 620.50 607.69 12.81
3 617.24 606.86 10.38
4 618.69 601.43 17.26
5 619.00 601.92 17.08
6 610.87 601.31 9.56
7 612.05 596.24 15.81
8 614.60 589.71 24.89
9 618.11 588.26 29.85*
10 623.26 586.59 36.67**
11 618.11 580.07 38.04**
12 612.32 574.36 37.96**
13 615.72 572.10 43.62**
14 611.51 567.19 44.32**
15 611.01 571.10 39.91**
16 608.24 566.08 42.16**
17 605.17 558.43 46.74***
18 595.12 555.16 39.95**
19 597.27 549.61 47.66**
20 593.48 547.34 46.14**
21 599.62 550.54 49.08***
22 602.01 546.88 55.13***
23 597.67 538.49 59.18***
24 601.30 540.10 61.20***
SOURCE: Author's calculations using SSA program records.
NOTES: Payments are adjusted to 2012 dollars using the CPI-W.
* = statistically significant at the .10 level (two-tailed t-test: month 9).
** = statistically significant at the .05 level (two-tailed t-test: months 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 18, 19, and 20).
*** = statistically significant at the .01 level (two-tailed t-test: months 17, 21, 22, 23, and 24).