Projected Profile of Taxpayers by Race & Ethnicity

Projected Distribution of Social Security Taxes Paid in 2022
POPULATION: Current-law payroll taxpayers aged 31 or older (characteristics)
Characteristic	Annual Social Security taxes paid (2022 $) at the—
Characteristic	10th percentile	Median	90th percentile
	All taxpayers
Total	$920	$5,822	$16,885
Sex
Female	$764	$4,872	$13,440
Male	$1,143	$6,907	$18,488
Race/ethnicity
Hispanic or Latino, any race	$897	$4,632	$12,385
White, non-Hispanic	$970	$6,410	$17,434
Black or African American, non-Hispanic	$613	$4,647	$14,050
All other races, non-Hispanic	$1,052	$6,699	$18,488
Country of birth
United States	$934	$6,041	$16,810
Other countries	$852	$4,998	$17,279
Age
31–39	$1,028	$5,960	$16,437
40–49	$1,101	$6,183	$18,488
50–59	$1,261	$6,489	$18,261
60–69	$552	$4,143	$13,426
70 or older	$76	$4,816	$12,998
Marital status
Married	$968	$6,091	$17,733
Divorced	$820	$5,574	$15,624
Widowed	$575	$4,590	$12,382
Never married	$910	$5,378	$15,374
Highest education level
Graduate	$1,669	$10,397	$18,488
Bachelor	$1,343	$8,632	$18,488
Associate	$951	$5,598	$13,372
High school	$695	$4,485	$11,057
Less than high school	$596	$3,575	$9,387
Current-law household income quintile
Highest	$2,958	$13,532	$18,488
Second highest	$2,183	$8,860	$17,123
Middle	$1,562	$6,843	$12,087
Second lowest	$1,099	$5,267	$8,219
Lowest	$205	$2,072	$4,612
Current-law payroll taxes quintile
Highest	$12,539	$16,885	$18,488
Second highest	$7,630	$9,150	$11,210
Middle	$4,801	$5,822	$6,986
Second lowest	$2,348	$3,306	$4,304
Lowest	$76	$919	$1,869
	Hispanic or Latino, any race
Subtotal	$897	$4,632	$12,385
Sex
Female	$716	$3,758	$9,848
Male	$1,149	$5,444	$14,058
Country of birth
United States	$1,026	$5,224	$13,759
Other countries	$812	$4,148	$10,747
Age
31–39	$970	$4,787	$12,479
40–49	$1,007	$4,814	$12,961
50–59	$1,019	$4,905	$12,294
60–69	$483	$3,447	$9,749
70 or older	$76	$3,130	$10,028
Marital status
Married	$911	$4,691	$12,751
Divorced	$661	$4,571	$11,598
Widowed	$851	$3,839	$10,462
Never married	$1,054	$4,581	$11,472
Highest education level
Graduate	$1,747	$7,827	$18,488
Bachelor	$1,057	$7,090	$18,488
Associate	$1,224	$5,463	$13,667
High school	$812	$4,416	$10,294
Less than high school	$765	$3,736	$9,412
Current-law household income quintile
Highest	$2,454	$9,833	$18,488
Second highest	$1,706	$7,406	$16,589
Middle	$1,690	$6,050	$11,184
Second lowest	$1,319	$5,030	$8,049
Lowest	$295	$2,163	$4,635
Current-law payroll taxes quintile
Highest	$12,526	$16,589	$18,488
Second highest	$7,551	$8,819	$11,065
Middle	$4,787	$5,736	$6,932
Second lowest	$2,347	$3,286	$4,317
Lowest	$89	$1,054	$1,917
	White, non-Hispanic
Subtotal	$970	$6,410	$17,434
Sex
Female	$779	$5,298	$13,761
Male	$1,285	$7,610	$18,488
Country of birth
United States	$983	$6,451	$17,312
Other countries	$896	$5,731	$18,488
Age
31–39	$1,182	$6,690	$16,751
40–49	$1,196	$6,997	$18,488
50–59	$1,502	$7,335	$18,488
60–69	$591	$4,407	$14,017
70 or older	$76	$5,205	$13,308
Marital status
Married	$1,012	$6,630	$18,143
Divorced	$919	$5,997	$16,280
Widowed	$601	$4,839	$12,629
Never married	$1,052	$6,280	$16,665
Highest education level
Graduate	$1,682	$10,383	$18,488
Bachelor	$1,402	$8,958	$18,488
Associate	$935	$5,834	$13,421
High school	$728	$4,777	$11,527
Less than high school	$481	$3,611	$9,432
Current-law household income quintile
Highest	$2,970	$13,464	$18,488
Second highest	$2,231	$9,096	$16,970
Middle	$1,477	$6,967	$12,140
Second lowest	$976	$5,327	$8,319
Lowest	$183	$2,086	$4,628
Current-law payroll taxes quintile
Highest	$12,494	$16,660	$18,488
Second highest	$7,660	$9,240	$11,240
Middle	$4,814	$5,868	$6,991
Second lowest	$2,357	$3,325	$4,309
Lowest	$76	$865	$1,852
	Black or African American, non-Hispanic
Subtotal	$613	$4,647	$14,050
Sex
Female	$663	$4,263	$12,000
Male	$503	$5,143	$15,884
Country of birth
United States	$637	$4,627	$13,835
Other countries	$472	$4,736	$15,050
Age
31–39	$624	$4,411	$13,585
40–49	$846	$5,175	$15,908
50–59	$728	$5,165	$14,509
60–69	$224	$3,615	$10,399
70 or older	$76	$3,121	$10,868
Marital status
Married	$727	$5,334	$16,371
Divorced	$602	$4,905	$13,111
Widowed	$316	$3,993	$10,831
Never married	$540	$4,030	$11,845
Highest education level
Graduate	$1,116	$10,486	$18,488
Bachelor	$1,051	$7,224	$17,156
Associate	$814	$4,923	$12,169
High school	$394	$3,676	$9,529
Less than high school	$301	$2,635	$8,575
Current-law household income quintile
Highest	$2,858	$13,940	$18,488
Second highest	$2,341	$8,701	$17,280
Middle	$1,434	$7,010	$12,240
Second lowest	$1,252	$5,295	$7,984
Lowest	$166	$1,939	$4,442
Current-law payroll taxes quintile
Highest	$12,493	$16,124	$18,488
Second highest	$7,595	$9,164	$11,218
Middle	$4,778	$5,763	$7,015
Second lowest	$2,334	$3,277	$4,276
Lowest	$76	$864	$1,882
	All other races, non-Hispanic
Subtotal	$1,052	$6,699	$18,488
Sex
Female	$940	$5,638	$18,488
Male	$1,264	$8,030	$18,488
Country of birth
United States	$1,019	$6,279	$18,488
Other countries	$1,116	$7,134	$18,488
Age
31–39	$1,144	$7,199	$18,488
40–49	$1,300	$7,722	$18,488
50–59	$1,319	$6,832	$18,488
60–69	$578	$4,463	$15,725
70 or older	$76	$4,380	$12,919
Marital status
Married	$1,087	$6,831	$18,488
Divorced	$1,022	$6,196	$18,488
Widowed	$237	$4,163	$13,708
Never married	$1,234	$7,242	$18,488
Highest education level
Graduate	$2,110	$13,205	$18,488
Bachelor	$1,381	$8,755	$18,488
Associate	$948	$4,983	$14,302
High school	$609	$4,138	$11,707
Less than high school	$287	$2,966	$8,473
Current-law household income quintile
Highest	$4,043	$18,488	$18,488
Second highest	$2,231	$9,821	$18,488
Middle	$1,857	$7,933	$13,187
Second lowest	$1,049	$5,582	$8,203
Lowest	$292	$2,002	$4,653
Current-law payroll taxes quintile
Highest	$13,205	$18,488	$18,488
Second highest	$7,627	$9,234	$11,359
Middle	$4,794	$5,790	$7,008
Second lowest	$2,292	$3,257	$4,258
Lowest	$76	$1,022	$1,876
SOURCE: SSA Office of Research, Evaluation, and Statistics, MINT 8.19 Run ID: SB 03/16/2022
NOTES: Start date = 2022. Providing these estimates does not imply SSA support for the proposal, nor is SSA responsible for any interpretations of these estimates.

Projected Distribution of Social Security Taxes Paid in 2030
POPULATION: Current-law payroll taxpayers aged 31 or older (characteristics)
Characteristic	Annual Social Security taxes paid (2022 $) at the—
Characteristic	10th percentile	Median	90th percentile
	All taxpayers
Total	$1,106	$6,558	$19,000
Sex
Female	$982	$5,603	$15,358
Male	$1,285	$7,575	$20,935
Race/ethnicity
Hispanic or Latino, any race	$883	$5,123	$13,654
White, non-Hispanic	$1,241	$7,311	$19,760
Black or African American, non-Hispanic	$959	$5,475	$15,978
All other races, non-Hispanic	$1,158	$7,575	$20,935
Country of birth
United States	$1,201	$6,876	$18,930
Other countries	$890	$5,420	$19,373
Age
31–39	$1,285	$6,699	$18,100
40–49	$1,293	$7,270	$20,935
50–59	$1,391	$6,912	$20,575
60–69	$876	$5,161	$16,072
70 or older	$85	$5,579	$14,745
Marital status
Married	$1,138	$6,818	$19,853
Divorced	$1,088	$6,409	$18,038
Widowed	$758	$5,098	$14,462
Never married	$1,114	$6,287	$17,995
Highest education level
Graduate	$2,237	$11,562	$20,935
Bachelor	$1,655	$9,479	$20,935
Associate	$1,136	$6,206	$14,809
High school	$846	$4,963	$12,415
Less than high school	$634	$4,133	$10,872
Current-law household income quintile
Highest	$3,748	$15,512	$20,935
Second highest	$2,663	$10,027	$19,187
Middle	$1,877	$7,620	$13,239
Second lowest	$1,278	$5,935	$9,040
Lowest	$227	$2,341	$5,049
Current-law payroll taxes quintile
Highest	$14,187	$19,000	$20,935
Second highest	$8,571	$10,258	$12,626
Middle	$5,419	$6,557	$7,838
Second lowest	$2,750	$3,818	$4,879
Lowest	$85	$1,106	$2,219
	Hispanic or Latino, any race
Subtotal	$883	$5,123	$13,654
Sex
Female	$789	$4,234	$11,009
Male	$1,022	$5,938	$15,826
Country of birth
United States	$1,115	$5,806	$15,073
Other countries	$689	$4,385	$11,867
Age
31–39	$1,117	$5,487	$13,414
40–49	$993	$5,304	$16,356
50–59	$949	$5,322	$13,213
60–69	$459	$3,698	$11,343
70 or older	$85	$4,052	$11,349
Marital status
Married	$888	$5,106	$14,017
Divorced	$848	$5,091	$13,906
Widowed	$270	$3,684	$9,881
Never married	$980	$5,339	$13,156
Highest education level
Graduate	$1,588	$7,814	$20,935
Bachelor	$1,220	$7,347	$20,503
Associate	$1,164	$5,842	$13,556
High school	$820	$4,796	$11,799
Less than high school	$724	$4,262	$10,677
Current-law household income quintile
Highest	$2,458	$11,667	$20,935
Second highest	$2,030	$8,043	$18,281
Middle	$1,674	$6,681	$12,269
Second lowest	$1,376	$5,612	$8,842
Lowest	$209	$2,356	$5,026
Current-law payroll taxes quintile
Highest	$14,077	$18,756	$20,935
Second highest	$8,520	$9,984	$12,369
Middle	$5,397	$6,525	$7,821
Second lowest	$2,728	$3,764	$4,837
Lowest	$85	$1,176	$2,247
	White, non-Hispanic
Subtotal	$1,241	$7,311	$19,760
Sex
Female	$1,012	$6,150	$15,947
Male	$1,509	$8,548	$20,935
Country of birth
United States	$1,261	$7,388	$19,699
Other countries	$1,044	$6,287	$20,935
Age
31–39	$1,445	$7,459	$18,928
40–49	$1,502	$8,399	$20,935
50–59	$1,693	$7,841	$20,935
60–69	$1,031	$5,626	$16,984
70 or older	$85	$5,884	$15,011
Marital status
Married	$1,271	$7,547	$20,505
Divorced	$1,151	$6,952	$18,756
Widowed	$836	$5,670	$15,065
Never married	$1,287	$7,289	$19,211
Highest education level
Graduate	$2,330	$11,632	$20,935
Bachelor	$1,875	$9,969	$20,935
Associate	$1,172	$6,491	$15,056
High school	$879	$5,249	$12,775
Less than high school	$474	$4,140	$11,716
Current-law household income quintile
Highest	$4,016	$15,321	$20,935
Second highest	$2,792	$10,420	$19,003
Middle	$1,880	$7,822	$13,291
Second lowest	$1,180	$6,028	$9,089
Lowest	$224	$2,336	$5,087
Current-law payroll taxes quintile
Highest	$14,138	$18,822	$20,935
Second highest	$8,599	$10,344	$12,653
Middle	$5,431	$6,573	$7,851
Second lowest	$2,764	$3,836	$4,900
Lowest	$85	$1,073	$2,217
	Black or African American, non-Hispanic
Subtotal	$959	$5,475	$15,978
Sex
Female	$1,068	$5,105	$13,510
Male	$806	$6,054	$18,317
Country of birth
United States	$975	$5,475	$15,866
Other countries	$887	$5,484	$17,135
Age
31–39	$1,055	$5,128	$15,641
40–49	$958	$5,993	$17,060
50–59	$1,323	$5,890	$17,795
60–69	$773	$4,754	$12,669
70 or older	$85	$4,755	$12,810
Marital status
Married	$1,055	$6,206	$17,841
Divorced	$1,153	$5,519	$15,752
Widowed	$443	$4,560	$11,967
Never married	$878	$4,941	$14,743
Highest education level
Graduate	$2,052	$12,185	$20,935
Bachelor	$1,543	$8,312	$19,421
Associate	$916	$5,556	$14,336
High school	$844	$4,289	$10,937
Less than high school	$380	$3,195	$9,918
Current-law household income quintile
Highest	$3,327	$15,758	$20,935
Second highest	$2,679	$9,538	$18,558
Middle	$2,365	$8,119	$13,489
Second lowest	$1,625	$6,054	$8,945
Lowest	$281	$2,481	$5,017
Current-law payroll taxes quintile
Highest	$14,188	$17,912	$20,935
Second highest	$8,474	$10,078	$12,581
Middle	$5,400	$6,518	$7,792
Second lowest	$2,759	$3,790	$4,883
Lowest	$85	$1,129	$2,212
	All other races, non-Hispanic
Subtotal	$1,158	$7,575	$20,935
Sex
Female	$1,041	$6,519	$20,935
Male	$1,278	$9,177	$20,935
Country of birth
United States	$1,224	$7,351	$20,935
Other countries	$1,067	$7,772	$20,935
Age
31–39	$1,323	$8,562	$20,935
40–49	$1,284	$9,187	$20,935
50–59	$1,204	$7,636	$20,935
60–69	$830	$5,488	$19,942
70 or older	$85	$6,393	$14,295
Marital status
Married	$999	$7,379	$20,935
Divorced	$1,055	$6,510	$20,935
Widowed	$1,269	$5,419	$15,568
Never married	$1,443	$8,562	$20,935
Highest education level
Graduate	$2,336	$13,731	$20,935
Bachelor	$1,215	$9,028	$20,935
Associate	$1,041	$5,428	$15,413
High school	$703	$4,648	$14,910
Less than high school	$991	$3,616	$11,889
Current-law household income quintile
Highest	$4,017	$19,880	$20,935
Second highest	$3,064	$12,679	$20,935
Middle	$1,991	$8,320	$14,499
Second lowest	$1,271	$5,993	$9,298
Lowest	$191	$2,106	$4,901
Current-law payroll taxes quintile
Highest	$14,600	$20,935	$20,935
Second highest	$8,574	$10,352	$12,847
Middle	$5,392	$6,560	$7,883
Second lowest	$2,716	$3,859	$4,833
Lowest	$85	$1,067	$2,176
SOURCE: SSA Office of Research, Evaluation, and Statistics, MINT 8.19 Run ID: SB 03/16/2022
NOTES: Start date = 2022. Providing these estimates does not imply SSA support for the proposal, nor is SSA responsible for any interpretations of these estimates.

Projected Distribution of Social Security Taxes Paid in 2050
POPULATION: Current-law payroll taxpayers aged 31 or older (characteristics)
Characteristic	Annual Social Security taxes paid (2022 $) at the—
Characteristic	10th percentile	Median	90th percentile
	All taxpayers
Total	$1,415	$8,298	$24,526
Sex
Female	$1,275	$7,263	$19,963
Male	$1,599	$9,377	$26,634
Race/ethnicity
Hispanic or Latino, any race	$1,210	$6,676	$17,885
White, non-Hispanic	$1,524	$9,286	$25,256
Black or African American, non-Hispanic	$1,145	$6,925	$19,396
All other races, non-Hispanic	$1,853	$10,936	$26,634
Country of birth
United States	$1,496	$8,564	$23,956
Other countries	$1,183	$7,361	$26,634
Age
31–39	$1,600	$8,461	$23,371
40–49	$1,666	$8,832	$26,634
50–59	$1,785	$8,799	$26,396
60–69	$1,114	$6,481	$21,534
70 or older	$109	$7,570	$18,214
Marital status
Married	$1,431	$8,536	$25,295
Divorced	$1,527	$8,343	$23,179
Widowed	$746	$6,380	$17,416
Never married	$1,398	$7,950	$24,426
Highest education level
Graduate	$2,648	$14,089	$26,634
Bachelor	$2,061	$11,987	$26,634
Associate	$1,435	$7,555	$18,526
High school	$1,053	$6,363	$16,006
Less than high school	$838	$5,194	$13,953
Current-law household income quintile
Highest	$5,310	$20,731	$26,634
Second highest	$3,482	$12,922	$24,156
Middle	$2,536	$9,646	$16,345
Second lowest	$1,649	$7,365	$10,940
Lowest	$248	$2,848	$6,105
Current-law payroll taxes quintile
Highest	$18,132	$24,526	$26,634
Second highest	$10,783	$13,041	$16,036
Middle	$6,844	$8,299	$9,857
Second lowest	$3,481	$4,826	$6,181
Lowest	$109	$1,415	$2,835
	Hispanic or Latino, any race
Subtotal	$1,210	$6,676	$17,885
Sex
Female	$1,064	$5,700	$14,080
Male	$1,388	$7,584	$21,076
Country of birth
United States	$1,389	$7,256	$18,642
Other countries	$956	$5,647	$16,086
Age
31–39	$1,328	$7,133	$17,584
40–49	$1,447	$7,134	$19,634
50–59	$1,395	$6,605	$17,644
60–69	$683	$4,754	$14,319
70 or older	$109	$5,719	$15,422
Marital status
Married	$1,169	$6,692	$18,340
Divorced	$1,402	$6,911	$18,787
Widowed	$804	$5,097	$14,043
Never married	$1,215	$6,709	$16,979
Highest education level
Graduate	$2,105	$9,825	$26,634
Bachelor	$1,641	$9,555	$26,634
Associate	$1,318	$7,269	$17,006
High school	$1,074	$6,200	$15,102
Less than high school	$1,041	$5,482	$14,098
Current-law household income quintile
Highest	$3,529	$15,447	$26,634
Second highest	$2,931	$10,774	$22,763
Middle	$2,344	$8,577	$15,182
Second lowest	$1,798	$7,132	$10,570
Lowest	$260	$2,924	$6,110
Current-law payroll taxes quintile
Highest	$18,003	$24,280	$26,634
Second highest	$10,707	$12,554	$15,729
Middle	$6,816	$8,198	$9,793
Second lowest	$3,472	$4,727	$6,164
Lowest	$109	$1,536	$2,842
	White, non-Hispanic
Subtotal	$1,524	$9,286	$25,256
Sex
Female	$1,328	$8,080	$20,628
Male	$1,785	$10,506	$26,634
Country of birth
United States	$1,569	$9,389	$25,056
Other countries	$1,166	$8,189	$26,634
Age
31–39	$1,772	$9,617	$24,501
40–49	$1,880	$10,225	$26,634
50–59	$2,077	$10,073	$26,634
60–69	$1,237	$7,141	$22,385
70 or older	$109	$7,675	$18,520
Marital status
Married	$1,513	$9,427	$26,038
Divorced	$1,669	$9,193	$24,246
Widowed	$692	$6,987	$18,688
Never married	$1,595	$9,294	$24,521
Highest education level
Graduate	$2,794	$14,503	$26,634
Bachelor	$2,080	$12,443	$26,634
Associate	$1,451	$7,877	$18,701
High school	$1,092	$6,790	$16,733
Less than high school	$524	$5,052	$13,926
Current-law household income quintile
Highest	$5,800	$20,455	$26,634
Second highest	$3,790	$13,344	$23,743
Middle	$2,566	$9,918	$16,502
Second lowest	$1,457	$7,265	$11,025
Lowest	$203	$2,748	$6,139
Current-law payroll taxes quintile
Highest	$18,029	$23,934	$26,634
Second highest	$10,819	$13,206	$16,087
Middle	$6,861	$8,343	$9,875
Second lowest	$3,507	$4,903	$6,203
Lowest	$109	$1,319	$2,810
	Black or African American, non-Hispanic
Subtotal	$1,145	$6,925	$19,396
Sex
Female	$1,373	$6,569	$16,984
Male	$1,014	$7,460	$22,904
Country of birth
United States	$1,212	$6,925	$19,307
Other countries	$880	$6,952	$19,918
Age
31–39	$1,145	$6,537	$18,281
40–49	$1,303	$7,442	$20,565
50–59	$1,372	$7,393	$21,403
60–69	$590	$5,864	$19,079
70 or older	$346	$7,993	$16,565
Marital status
Married	$1,543	$7,855	$22,244
Divorced	$1,267	$7,191	$19,274
Widowed	$137	$6,385	$16,794
Never married	$1,054	$6,404	$18,117
Highest education level
Graduate	$2,539	$13,543	$26,634
Bachelor	$2,269	$10,880	$23,816
Associate	$1,490	$6,869	$17,158
High school	$880	$5,331	$13,719
Less than high school	$549	$4,188	$12,275
Current-law household income quintile
Highest	$4,452	$18,917	$26,634
Second highest	$3,314	$12,519	$23,821
Middle	$2,823	$10,336	$16,744
Second lowest	$2,346	$7,728	$11,151
Lowest	$302	$2,963	$6,045
Current-law payroll taxes quintile
Highest	$17,839	$22,791	$26,634
Second highest	$10,705	$12,886	$16,179
Middle	$6,837	$8,267	$9,820
Second lowest	$3,454	$4,812	$6,167
Lowest	$109	$1,475	$2,840
	All other races, non-Hispanic
Subtotal	$1,853	$10,936	$26,634
Sex
Female	$1,627	$9,049	$26,634
Male	$2,211	$13,585	$26,634
Country of birth
United States	$1,912	$10,830	$26,634
Other countries	$1,828	$11,021	$26,634
Age
31–39	$1,955	$12,264	$26,634
40–49	$1,912	$12,894	$26,634
50–59	$2,094	$10,936	$26,634
60–69	$1,567	$8,088	$26,634
70 or older	$184	$9,849	$22,051
Marital status
Married	$1,756	$10,495	$26,634
Divorced	$1,493	$9,227	$26,634
Widowed	$1,106	$6,747	$19,445
Never married	$2,106	$12,340	$26,634
Highest education level
Graduate	$2,873	$17,443	$26,634
Bachelor	$2,166	$13,303	$26,634
Associate	$1,572	$7,412	$21,499
High school	$1,252	$6,587	$26,634
Less than high school	$364	$2,960	$11,875
Current-law household income quintile
Highest	$6,733	$26,634	$26,634
Second highest	$3,352	$17,250	$26,634
Middle	$2,895	$11,192	$17,593
Second lowest	$1,869	$7,848	$11,327
Lowest	$284	$2,874	$5,978
Current-law payroll taxes quintile
Highest	$19,160	$26,634	$26,634
Second highest	$10,846	$13,226	$16,234
Middle	$6,913	$8,305	$9,975
Second lowest	$3,458	$4,790	$6,154
Lowest	$109	$1,515	$2,860
SOURCE: SSA Office of Research, Evaluation, and Statistics, MINT 8.19 Run ID: SB 03/16/2022
NOTES: Start date = 2022. Providing these estimates does not imply SSA support for the proposal, nor is SSA responsible for any interpretations of these estimates.

Projected Distribution of Social Security Taxes Paid in 2070
POPULATION: Current-law payroll taxpayers aged 31 or older (characteristics)
Characteristic	Annual Social Security taxes paid (2022 $) at the—
Characteristic	10th percentile	Median	90th percentile
	All taxpayers
Total	$1,688	$10,583	$31,004
Sex
Female	$1,556	$9,289	$25,209
Male	$1,870	$11,987	$33,878
Race/ethnicity
Hispanic or Latino, any race	$1,430	$8,673	$23,076
White, non-Hispanic	$1,886	$11,963	$32,062
Black or African American, non-Hispanic	$1,361	$8,800	$24,124
All other races, non-Hispanic	$2,011	$14,288	$33,878
Country of birth
United States	$1,805	$10,822	$30,219
Other countries	$1,343	$9,710	$33,878
Age
31–39	$2,127	$10,810	$29,587
40–49	$2,007	$11,312	$33,878
50–59	$2,080	$11,174	$33,878
60–69	$1,251	$8,191	$27,932
70 or older	$138	$10,104	$23,986
Marital status
Married	$1,698	$10,851	$31,513
Divorced	$1,707	$10,576	$29,883
Widowed	$657	$8,263	$21,991
Never married	$1,746	$10,294	$31,589
Highest education level
Graduate	$3,232	$17,111	$33,878
Bachelor	$2,463	$15,441	$33,878
Associate	$1,775	$9,743	$23,264
High school	$1,257	$8,040	$20,492
Less than high school	$1,024	$6,829	$18,051
Current-law household income quintile
Highest	$6,888	$26,376	$33,878
Second highest	$4,424	$16,493	$30,331
Middle	$3,303	$12,458	$20,602
Second lowest	$2,190	$9,277	$13,758
Lowest	$252	$3,524	$7,638
Current-law payroll taxes quintile
Highest	$22,935	$31,004	$33,878
Second highest	$13,751	$16,584	$20,362
Middle	$8,732	$10,583	$12,618
Second lowest	$4,390	$6,126	$7,842
Lowest	$138	$1,688	$3,546
	Hispanic or Latino, any race
Subtotal	$1,430	$8,673	$23,076
Sex
Female	$1,249	$7,277	$18,154
Male	$1,692	$9,828	$27,578
Country of birth
United States	$1,641	$9,237	$23,712
Other countries	$1,057	$7,377	$21,275
Age
31–39	$1,829	$9,313	$22,516
40–49	$1,708	$9,304	$25,448
50–59	$1,624	$8,927	$24,309
60–69	$806	$6,320	$18,671
70 or older	$138	$7,512	$20,389
Marital status
Married	$1,431	$8,702	$23,383
Divorced	$1,626	$9,114	$24,809
Widowed	$658	$5,725	$16,289
Never married	$1,420	$8,692	$22,215
Highest education level
Graduate	$1,986	$12,210	$33,878
Bachelor	$2,279	$13,765	$33,878
Associate	$1,720	$9,539	$21,752
High school	$1,339	$7,874	$19,168
Less than high school	$1,150	$7,077	$18,364
Current-law household income quintile
Highest	$4,843	$20,967	$33,878
Second highest	$3,584	$13,733	$28,735
Middle	$3,109	$11,164	$19,229
Second lowest	$2,374	$9,222	$13,565
Lowest	$300	$3,578	$7,606
Current-law payroll taxes quintile
Highest	$22,666	$30,530	$33,878
Second highest	$13,632	$16,066	$20,200
Middle	$8,745	$10,571	$12,584
Second lowest	$4,366	$6,066	$7,815
Lowest	$138	$1,805	$3,587
	White, non-Hispanic
Subtotal	$1,886	$11,963	$32,062
Sex
Female	$1,706	$10,517	$26,143
Male	$2,165	$13,533	$33,878
Country of birth
United States	$1,924	$12,035	$31,711
Other countries	$1,493	$11,014	$33,878
Age
31–39	$2,270	$12,096	$30,790
40–49	$2,332	$13,431	$33,878
50–59	$2,530	$13,156	$33,878
60–69	$1,554	$9,160	$28,411
70 or older	$138	$10,471	$24,215
Marital status
Married	$1,974	$12,299	$32,891
Divorced	$1,837	$11,734	$31,081
Widowed	$657	$9,703	$23,714
Never married	$1,953	$11,570	$31,463
Highest education level
Graduate	$3,617	$18,000	$33,878
Bachelor	$2,527	$15,679	$33,878
Associate	$1,843	$10,335	$23,936
High school	$1,296	$8,602	$21,280
Less than high school	$835	$6,746	$17,068
Current-law household income quintile
Highest	$7,732	$25,674	$33,878
Second highest	$5,027	$17,283	$30,056
Middle	$3,371	$12,977	$20,902
Second lowest	$1,957	$9,155	$13,942
Lowest	$197	$3,353	$7,546
Current-law payroll taxes quintile
Highest	$22,861	$30,219	$33,878
Second highest	$13,826	$16,800	$20,454
Middle	$8,742	$10,605	$12,632
Second lowest	$4,419	$6,169	$7,865
Lowest	$138	$1,591	$3,506
	Black or African American, non-Hispanic
Subtotal	$1,361	$8,800	$24,124
Sex
Female	$1,661	$8,309	$20,738
Male	$1,000	$9,507	$28,432
Country of birth
United States	$1,363	$8,758	$24,060
Other countries	$1,271	$9,025	$24,674
Age
31–39	$1,678	$8,860	$23,660
40–49	$1,678	$9,498	$24,926
50–59	$1,788	$8,933	$26,611
60–69	$675	$7,232	$21,463
70 or older	$138	$8,783	$20,189
Marital status
Married	$1,205	$9,530	$26,664
Divorced	$1,643	$9,001	$25,104
Widowed	$138	$8,146	$19,528
Never married	$1,370	$8,488	$22,927
Highest education level
Graduate	$2,428	$14,977	$33,878
Bachelor	$2,174	$13,494	$28,425
Associate	$1,695	$8,730	$20,373
High school	$927	$7,133	$18,092
Less than high school	$761	$6,257	$16,562
Current-law household income quintile
Highest	$6,217	$22,956	$33,878
Second highest	$4,391	$16,305	$30,082
Middle	$3,322	$12,870	$20,976
Second lowest	$2,730	$9,514	$13,764
Lowest	$283	$3,701	$7,873
Current-law payroll taxes quintile
Highest	$22,750	$28,326	$33,878
Second highest	$13,715	$16,487	$20,290
Middle	$8,676	$10,386	$12,584
Second lowest	$4,451	$6,202	$7,880
Lowest	$138	$1,742	$3,508
	All other races, non-Hispanic
Subtotal	$2,011	$14,288	$33,878
Sex
Female	$1,770	$12,003	$33,878
Male	$2,376	$17,156	$33,878
Country of birth
United States	$2,495	$14,539	$33,878
Other countries	$1,745	$14,049	$33,878
Age
31–39	$3,006	$16,257	$33,878
40–49	$2,131	$14,664	$33,878
50–59	$2,091	$14,604	$33,878
60–69	$1,439	$12,246	$33,878
70 or older	$585	$13,590	$27,764
Marital status
Married	$1,702	$13,577	$33,878
Divorced	$1,524	$12,599	$33,878
Widowed	$1,184	$9,783	$22,598
Never married	$2,661	$16,071	$33,878
Highest education level
Graduate	$3,820	$21,560	$33,878
Bachelor	$2,703	$17,590	$33,878
Associate	$1,762	$9,064	$26,778
High school	$1,217	$8,153	$31,889
Less than high school	$326	$3,722	$15,994
Current-law household income quintile
Highest	$8,346	$33,878	$33,878
Second highest	$5,201	$21,244	$33,438
Middle	$3,768	$14,874	$22,029
Second lowest	$2,255	$9,695	$13,845
Lowest	$275	$3,547	$7,659
Current-law payroll taxes quintile
Highest	$23,742	$33,878	$33,878
Second highest	$13,844	$16,851	$20,422
Middle	$8,700	$10,641	$12,671
Second lowest	$4,294	$5,966	$7,798
Lowest	$138	$1,652	$3,586
SOURCE: SSA Office of Research, Evaluation, and Statistics, MINT 8.19 Run ID: SB 03/16/2022
NOTES: Start date = 2022. Providing these estimates does not imply SSA support for the proposal, nor is SSA responsible for any interpretations of these estimates.

Projected Covered Earnings Distribution (Not Capped) in 2022
POPULATION: Current-law payroll taxpayers aged 31 or older (characteristics)
Characteristic	Individual covered earnings (2022 $) at the—
Characteristic	10th percentile	Median	90th percentile
	All taxpayers
Total	$7,416	$46,953	$136,171
Sex
Female	$6,160	$39,294	$108,388
Male	$9,219	$55,703	$153,867
Race/ethnicity
Hispanic or Latino, any race	$7,234	$37,351	$99,878
White, non-Hispanic	$7,822	$51,694	$140,597
Black or African American, non-Hispanic	$4,942	$37,480	$113,308
All other races, non-Hispanic	$8,486	$54,024	$191,987
Country of birth
United States	$7,536	$48,715	$135,568
Other countries	$6,870	$40,306	$139,351
Age
31–39	$8,292	$48,061	$132,555
40–49	$8,880	$49,864	$149,862
50–59	$10,170	$52,333	$147,264
60–69	$4,451	$33,407	$108,273
70 or older	$614	$38,836	$104,827
Marital status
Married	$7,806	$49,121	$143,006
Divorced	$6,612	$44,954	$125,996
Widowed	$4,638	$37,014	$99,855
Never married	$7,337	$43,369	$123,980
Highest education level
Graduate	$13,458	$83,845	$222,744
Bachelor	$10,835	$69,610	$171,362
Associate	$7,671	$45,142	$107,836
High school	$5,606	$36,167	$89,173
Less than high school	$4,806	$28,827	$75,698
Current-law household income quintile
Highest	$23,856	$109,128	$268,673
Second highest	$17,609	$71,452	$138,092
Middle	$12,597	$55,184	$97,476
Second lowest	$8,861	$42,478	$66,285
Lowest	$1,657	$16,709	$37,197
Current-law payroll taxes quintile
Highest	$101,125	$136,171	$268,673
Second highest	$61,533	$73,786	$90,404
Middle	$38,718	$46,953	$56,340
Second lowest	$18,932	$26,658	$34,708
Lowest	$614	$7,413	$15,074
	Hispanic or Latino, any race
Subtotal	$7,234	$37,351	$99,878
Sex
Female	$5,775	$30,303	$79,421
Male	$9,263	$43,899	$113,373
Country of birth
United States	$8,278	$42,132	$110,963
Other countries	$6,547	$33,452	$86,668
Age
31–39	$7,824	$38,601	$100,639
40–49	$8,121	$38,826	$104,525
50–59	$8,219	$39,556	$99,145
60–69	$3,895	$27,795	$78,620
70 or older	$614	$25,240	$80,867
Marital status
Married	$7,348	$37,829	$102,833
Divorced	$5,327	$36,860	$93,529
Widowed	$6,867	$30,959	$84,372
Never married	$8,496	$36,941	$92,515
Highest education level
Graduate	$14,092	$63,124	$188,526
Bachelor	$8,522	$57,177	$156,142
Associate	$9,869	$44,053	$110,218
High school	$6,546	$35,612	$83,014
Less than high school	$6,166	$30,130	$75,906
Current-law household income quintile
Highest	$19,789	$79,295	$229,703
Second highest	$13,762	$59,726	$133,784
Middle	$13,629	$48,792	$90,190
Second lowest	$10,640	$40,563	$64,910
Lowest	$2,377	$17,440	$37,375
Current-law payroll taxes quintile
Highest	$101,019	$133,784	$253,353
Second highest	$60,896	$71,119	$89,233
Middle	$38,602	$46,258	$55,906
Second lowest	$18,925	$26,498	$34,817
Lowest	$719	$8,503	$15,459
	White, non-Hispanic
Subtotal	$7,822	$51,694	$140,597
Sex
Female	$6,284	$42,724	$110,974
Male	$10,362	$61,370	$159,495
Country of birth
United States	$7,925	$52,027	$139,612
Other countries	$7,222	$46,215	$154,983
Age
31–39	$9,528	$53,953	$135,086
40–49	$9,645	$56,427	$155,923
50–59	$12,114	$59,150	$155,572
60–69	$4,769	$35,537	$113,040
70 or older	$614	$41,976	$107,321
Marital status
Married	$8,157	$53,469	$146,314
Divorced	$7,411	$48,363	$131,293
Widowed	$4,850	$39,023	$101,851
Never married	$8,482	$50,642	$134,395
Highest education level
Graduate	$13,567	$83,732	$209,179
Bachelor	$11,306	$72,243	$174,743
Associate	$7,538	$47,052	$108,237
High school	$5,871	$38,525	$92,959
Less than high school	$3,882	$29,123	$76,068
Current-law household income quintile
Highest	$23,955	$108,577	$261,346
Second highest	$17,992	$73,357	$136,853
Middle	$11,912	$56,189	$97,907
Second lowest	$7,874	$42,958	$67,092
Lowest	$1,474	$16,824	$37,319
Current-law payroll taxes quintile
Highest	$100,756	$134,355	$261,960
Second highest	$61,774	$74,516	$90,644
Middle	$38,826	$47,321	$56,376
Second lowest	$19,004	$26,813	$34,748
Lowest	$614	$6,975	$14,938
	Black or African American, non-Hispanic
Subtotal	$4,942	$37,480	$113,308
Sex
Female	$5,348	$34,379	$96,775
Male	$4,057	$41,477	$128,099
Country of birth
United States	$5,140	$37,313	$111,572
Other countries	$3,807	$38,193	$121,367
Age
31–39	$5,035	$35,573	$109,556
40–49	$6,824	$41,735	$128,288
50–59	$5,871	$41,657	$117,004
60–69	$1,810	$29,150	$83,861
70 or older	$614	$25,166	$87,642
Marital status
Married	$5,865	$43,014	$132,027
Divorced	$4,857	$39,560	$105,732
Widowed	$2,551	$32,201	$87,343
Never married	$4,353	$32,499	$95,521
Highest education level
Graduate	$9,002	$84,567	$216,718
Bachelor	$8,479	$58,260	$138,354
Associate	$6,561	$39,701	$98,134
High school	$3,175	$29,646	$76,844
Less than high school	$2,426	$21,253	$69,153
Current-law household income quintile
Highest	$23,048	$112,418	$263,831
Second highest	$18,880	$70,169	$139,353
Middle	$11,566	$56,528	$98,712
Second lowest	$10,098	$42,698	$64,390
Lowest	$1,340	$15,639	$35,820
Current-law payroll taxes quintile
Highest	$100,753	$130,033	$251,631
Second highest	$61,250	$73,902	$90,470
Middle	$38,532	$46,480	$56,573
Second lowest	$18,824	$26,427	$34,483
Lowest	$614	$6,972	$15,176
	All other races, non-Hispanic
Subtotal	$8,486	$54,024	$191,987
Sex
Female	$7,582	$45,469	$165,874
Male	$10,191	$64,754	$203,928
Country of birth
United States	$8,217	$50,638	$162,676
Other countries	$9,002	$57,532	$200,943
Age
31–39	$9,224	$58,053	$200,943
40–49	$10,481	$62,277	$232,738
50–59	$10,639	$55,099	$180,698
60–69	$4,663	$35,990	$126,812
70 or older	$614	$35,323	$104,187
Marital status
Married	$8,765	$55,091	$198,209
Divorced	$8,240	$49,969	$164,069
Widowed	$1,913	$33,576	$110,546
Never married	$9,949	$58,401	$189,360
Highest education level
Graduate	$17,018	$106,493	$305,176
Bachelor	$11,137	$70,602	$194,944
Associate	$7,646	$40,185	$115,343
High school	$4,911	$33,367	$94,412
Less than high school	$2,317	$23,922	$68,334
Current-law household income quintile
Highest	$32,607	$149,726	$341,775
Second highest	$17,989	$79,199	$155,308
Middle	$14,979	$63,973	$106,350
Second lowest	$8,461	$45,019	$66,154
Lowest	$2,355	$16,143	$37,525
Current-law payroll taxes quintile
Highest	$106,492	$156,948	$329,456
Second highest	$61,507	$74,466	$91,606
Middle	$38,663	$46,694	$56,519
Second lowest	$18,482	$26,265	$34,339
Lowest	$614	$8,240	$15,131
SOURCE: SSA Office of Research, Evaluation, and Statistics, MINT 8.19 Run ID: SB 03/16/2022
NOTES: Start date = 2022. Providing these estimates does not imply SSA support for the proposal, nor is SSA responsible for any interpretations of these estimates.

Projected Covered Earnings Distribution (Not Capped) in 2030
POPULATION: Current-law payroll taxpayers aged 31 or older (characteristics)
Characteristic	Individual covered earnings (2022 $) at the—
Characteristic	10th percentile	Median	90th percentile
	All taxpayers
Total	$8,919	$52,883	$153,226
Sex
Female	$7,917	$45,182	$123,854
Male	$10,362	$61,090	$172,845
Race/ethnicity
Hispanic or Latino, any race	$7,119	$41,313	$110,110
White, non-Hispanic	$10,007	$58,963	$159,357
Black or African American, non-Hispanic	$7,730	$44,151	$128,853
All other races, non-Hispanic	$9,339	$61,090	$210,898
Country of birth
United States	$9,683	$55,451	$152,664
Other countries	$7,179	$43,708	$156,233
Age
31–39	$10,362	$54,021	$145,970
40–49	$10,426	$58,627	$175,659
50–59	$11,215	$55,744	$165,926
60–69	$7,065	$41,618	$129,612
70 or older	$689	$44,996	$118,907
Marital status
Married	$9,176	$54,988	$160,106
Divorced	$8,772	$51,684	$145,466
Widowed	$6,113	$41,113	$116,625
Never married	$8,980	$50,701	$145,125
Highest education level
Graduate	$18,042	$93,239	$240,329
Bachelor	$13,349	$76,440	$193,905
Associate	$9,160	$50,045	$119,426
High school	$6,820	$40,027	$100,119
Less than high school	$5,117	$33,327	$87,673
Current-law household income quintile
Highest	$30,222	$125,098	$314,630
Second highest	$21,479	$80,865	$154,738
Middle	$15,135	$61,450	$106,769
Second lowest	$10,304	$47,866	$72,906
Lowest	$1,829	$18,876	$40,717
Current-law payroll taxes quintile
Highest	$114,408	$153,226	$314,630
Second highest	$69,120	$82,729	$101,819
Middle	$43,704	$52,877	$63,211
Second lowest	$22,177	$30,788	$39,344
Lowest	$689	$8,919	$17,896
	Hispanic or Latino, any race
Subtotal	$7,119	$41,313	$110,110
Sex
Female	$6,364	$34,148	$88,780
Male	$8,243	$47,883	$127,632
Country of birth
United States	$8,994	$46,821	$121,553
Other countries	$5,556	$35,360	$95,703
Age
31–39	$9,009	$44,248	$108,173
40–49	$8,012	$42,770	$131,901
50–59	$7,653	$42,917	$106,559
60–69	$3,703	$29,820	$91,478
70 or older	$689	$32,681	$91,526
Marital status
Married	$7,161	$41,175	$113,044
Divorced	$6,842	$41,055	$112,144
Widowed	$2,175	$29,713	$79,688
Never married	$7,904	$43,058	$106,096
Highest education level
Graduate	$12,807	$63,015	$208,419
Bachelor	$9,840	$59,246	$165,347
Associate	$9,384	$47,111	$109,324
High school	$6,615	$38,679	$95,156
Less than high school	$5,841	$34,369	$86,102
Current-law household income quintile
Highest	$19,824	$94,085	$278,746
Second highest	$16,368	$64,860	$147,431
Middle	$13,504	$53,879	$98,942
Second lowest	$11,096	$45,255	$71,307
Lowest	$1,683	$18,998	$40,532
Current-law payroll taxes quintile
Highest	$113,522	$151,254	$294,276
Second highest	$68,706	$80,514	$99,746
Middle	$43,525	$52,619	$63,075
Second lowest	$22,004	$30,356	$39,009
Lowest	$689	$9,485	$18,119
	White, non-Hispanic
Subtotal	$10,007	$58,963	$159,357
Sex
Female	$8,160	$49,600	$128,609
Male	$12,173	$68,937	$180,309
Country of birth
United States	$10,166	$59,582	$158,862
Other countries	$8,418	$50,698	$168,828
Age
31–39	$11,652	$60,156	$152,649
40–49	$12,111	$67,736	$185,805
50–59	$13,653	$63,234	$173,869
60–69	$8,313	$45,372	$136,971
70 or older	$689	$47,456	$121,056
Marital status
Married	$10,252	$60,863	$165,360
Divorced	$9,285	$56,068	$151,259
Widowed	$6,744	$45,727	$121,490
Never married	$10,377	$58,779	$154,928
Highest education level
Graduate	$18,793	$93,809	$228,076
Bachelor	$15,122	$80,395	$195,470
Associate	$9,455	$52,344	$121,419
High school	$7,091	$42,331	$103,023
Less than high school	$3,823	$33,384	$94,487
Current-law household income quintile
Highest	$32,390	$123,557	$309,592
Second highest	$22,517	$84,032	$153,250
Middle	$15,158	$63,081	$107,188
Second lowest	$9,514	$48,615	$73,300
Lowest	$1,809	$18,840	$41,023
Current-law payroll taxes quintile
Highest	$114,018	$151,787	$310,548
Second highest	$69,345	$83,419	$102,042
Middle	$43,796	$53,006	$63,316
Second lowest	$22,287	$30,936	$39,518
Lowest	$689	$8,655	$17,879
	Black or African American, non-Hispanic
Subtotal	$7,730	$44,151	$128,853
Sex
Female	$8,609	$41,173	$108,952
Male	$6,501	$48,825	$147,714
Country of birth
United States	$7,866	$44,151	$127,953
Other countries	$7,150	$44,228	$138,189
Age
31–39	$8,511	$41,356	$126,137
40–49	$7,730	$48,332	$137,582
50–59	$10,667	$47,500	$143,509
60–69	$6,238	$38,341	$102,172
70 or older	$689	$38,345	$103,307
Marital status
Married	$8,508	$50,045	$143,881
Divorced	$9,294	$44,510	$127,030
Widowed	$3,572	$36,774	$96,512
Never married	$7,084	$39,847	$118,893
Highest education level
Graduate	$16,550	$98,263	$224,773
Bachelor	$12,443	$67,031	$156,622
Associate	$7,389	$44,809	$115,612
High school	$6,804	$34,586	$88,199
Less than high school	$3,062	$25,769	$79,985
Current-law household income quintile
Highest	$26,833	$127,079	$286,292
Second highest	$21,606	$76,916	$149,658
Middle	$19,072	$65,477	$108,779
Second lowest	$13,109	$48,825	$72,140
Lowest	$2,266	$20,008	$40,457
Current-law payroll taxes quintile
Highest	$114,423	$144,451	$268,381
Second highest	$68,339	$81,272	$101,463
Middle	$43,552	$52,566	$62,838
Second lowest	$22,246	$30,568	$39,376
Lowest	$689	$9,107	$17,841
	All other races, non-Hispanic
Subtotal	$9,339	$61,090	$210,898
Sex
Female	$8,392	$52,575	$189,147
Male	$10,310	$74,009	$222,097
Country of birth
United States	$9,869	$59,284	$194,307
Other countries	$8,601	$62,675	$222,481
Age
31–39	$10,672	$69,051	$204,434
40–49	$10,351	$74,092	$270,487
50–59	$9,711	$61,580	$225,771
60–69	$6,696	$44,260	$160,819
70 or older	$689	$51,554	$115,286
Marital status
Married	$8,054	$59,509	$220,022
Divorced	$8,506	$52,499	$183,631
Widowed	$10,231	$43,702	$125,550
Never married	$11,635	$69,051	$208,705
Highest education level
Graduate	$18,843	$110,735	$321,593
Bachelor	$9,798	$72,805	$208,016
Associate	$8,392	$43,772	$124,295
High school	$5,671	$37,481	$120,243
Less than high school	$7,989	$29,163	$95,881
Current-law household income quintile
Highest	$32,397	$160,325	$378,903
Second highest	$24,708	$102,247	$174,895
Middle	$16,054	$67,099	$116,926
Second lowest	$10,253	$48,331	$74,982
Lowest	$1,537	$16,983	$39,521
Current-law payroll taxes quintile
Highest	$117,738	$171,044	$376,421
Second highest	$69,141	$83,482	$103,602
Middle	$43,485	$52,906	$63,572
Second lowest	$21,904	$31,123	$38,980
Lowest	$689	$8,601	$17,551
SOURCE: SSA Office of Research, Evaluation, and Statistics, MINT 8.19 Run ID: SB 03/16/2022
NOTES: Start date = 2022. Providing these estimates does not imply SSA support for the proposal, nor is SSA responsible for any interpretations of these estimates.

Projected Covered Earnings Distribution (Not Capped) in 2050
POPULATION: Current-law payroll taxpayers aged 31 or older (characteristics)
Characteristic	Individual covered earnings (2022 $) at the—
Characteristic	10th percentile	Median	90th percentile
	All taxpayers
Total	$11,415	$66,923	$197,789
Sex
Female	$10,284	$58,577	$160,994
Male	$12,894	$75,619	$222,874
Race/ethnicity
Hispanic or Latino, any race	$9,756	$53,837	$144,233
White, non-Hispanic	$12,287	$74,886	$203,675
Black or African American, non-Hispanic	$9,238	$55,846	$156,419
All other races, non-Hispanic	$14,944	$88,190	$294,272
Country of birth
United States	$12,066	$69,063	$193,192
Other countries	$9,543	$59,363	$214,793
Age
31–39	$12,905	$68,236	$188,478
40–49	$13,434	$71,225	$227,961
50–59	$14,394	$70,960	$212,872
60–69	$8,980	$52,269	$173,664
70 or older	$877	$61,045	$146,888
Marital status
Married	$11,543	$68,840	$203,993
Divorced	$12,311	$67,286	$186,927
Widowed	$6,014	$51,448	$140,449
Never married	$11,271	$64,110	$196,984
Highest education level
Graduate	$21,353	$113,622	$299,054
Bachelor	$16,619	$96,670	$254,308
Associate	$11,569	$60,927	$149,405
High school	$8,493	$51,312	$129,077
Less than high school	$6,759	$41,886	$112,525
Current-law household income quintile
Highest	$42,821	$167,187	$417,862
Second highest	$28,084	$104,211	$194,804
Middle	$20,454	$77,794	$131,812
Second lowest	$13,297	$59,397	$88,229
Lowest	$2,000	$22,969	$49,236
Current-law payroll taxes quintile
Highest	$146,226	$197,789	$417,862
Second highest	$86,958	$105,172	$129,321
Middle	$55,197	$66,929	$79,494
Second lowest	$28,075	$38,918	$49,845
Lowest	$877	$11,414	$22,860
	Hispanic or Latino, any race
Subtotal	$9,756	$53,837	$144,233
Sex
Female	$8,582	$45,965	$113,548
Male	$11,195	$61,164	$169,972
Country of birth
United States	$11,200	$58,516	$150,338
Other countries	$7,711	$45,542	$129,729
Age
31–39	$10,712	$57,527	$141,810
40–49	$11,669	$57,529	$158,337
50–59	$11,248	$53,266	$142,290
60–69	$5,512	$38,341	$115,479
70 or older	$877	$46,125	$124,373
Marital status
Married	$9,424	$53,969	$147,902
Divorced	$11,306	$55,731	$151,506
Widowed	$6,487	$41,106	$113,249
Never married	$9,797	$54,102	$136,926
Highest education level
Graduate	$16,979	$79,232	$230,635
Bachelor	$13,234	$77,054	$228,673
Associate	$10,632	$58,618	$137,147
High school	$8,663	$49,997	$121,788
Less than high school	$8,397	$44,213	$113,696
Current-law household income quintile
Highest	$28,459	$124,569	$330,711
Second highest	$23,635	$86,884	$183,572
Middle	$18,905	$69,171	$122,432
Second lowest	$14,499	$57,516	$85,245
Lowest	$2,097	$23,583	$49,276
Current-law payroll taxes quintile
Highest	$145,183	$195,803	$343,861
Second highest	$86,344	$101,242	$126,843
Middle	$54,967	$66,114	$78,972
Second lowest	$27,998	$38,121	$49,714
Lowest	$877	$12,387	$22,919
	White, non-Hispanic
Subtotal	$12,287	$74,886	$203,675
Sex
Female	$10,710	$65,159	$166,355
Male	$14,397	$84,724	$228,834
Country of birth
United States	$12,654	$75,721	$202,068
Other countries	$9,405	$66,037	$214,793
Age
31–39	$14,291	$77,555	$197,589
40–49	$15,164	$82,457	$237,514
50–59	$16,749	$81,236	$222,321
60–69	$9,972	$57,585	$180,523
70 or older	$877	$61,891	$149,352
Marital status
Married	$12,204	$76,024	$209,981
Divorced	$13,461	$74,138	$195,528
Widowed	$5,578	$56,349	$150,711
Never married	$12,867	$74,955	$197,748
Highest education level
Graduate	$22,529	$116,958	$283,718
Bachelor	$16,777	$100,343	$256,033
Associate	$11,699	$63,522	$150,813
High school	$8,810	$54,755	$134,942
Less than high school	$4,229	$40,745	$112,308
Current-law household income quintile
Highest	$46,771	$164,958	$413,257
Second highest	$30,562	$107,615	$191,479
Middle	$20,694	$79,984	$133,078
Second lowest	$11,752	$58,587	$88,913
Lowest	$1,636	$22,158	$49,506
Current-law payroll taxes quintile
Highest	$145,398	$193,016	$413,257
Second highest	$87,251	$106,498	$129,738
Middle	$55,328	$67,285	$79,641
Second lowest	$28,281	$39,538	$50,022
Lowest	$877	$10,637	$22,665
	Black or African American, non-Hispanic
Subtotal	$9,238	$55,846	$156,419
Sex
Female	$11,075	$52,976	$136,969
Male	$8,178	$60,160	$184,712
Country of birth
United States	$9,774	$55,845	$155,700
Other countries	$7,101	$56,068	$160,632
Age
31–39	$9,238	$52,721	$147,430
40–49	$10,512	$60,015	$165,847
50–59	$11,067	$59,619	$172,604
60–69	$4,758	$47,287	$153,862
70 or older	$2,789	$64,461	$133,591
Marital status
Married	$12,441	$63,350	$179,383
Divorced	$10,220	$57,988	$155,432
Widowed	$1,103	$51,493	$135,434
Never married	$8,498	$51,646	$146,107
Highest education level
Graduate	$20,479	$109,214	$259,874
Bachelor	$18,296	$87,740	$192,062
Associate	$12,019	$55,393	$138,370
High school	$7,101	$42,991	$110,638
Less than high school	$4,424	$33,772	$98,994
Current-law household income quintile
Highest	$35,905	$152,560	$356,611
Second highest	$26,729	$100,957	$192,104
Middle	$22,764	$83,355	$135,031
Second lowest	$18,920	$62,327	$89,925
Lowest	$2,433	$23,892	$48,749
Current-law payroll taxes quintile
Highest	$143,860	$183,795	$339,539
Second highest	$86,332	$103,915	$130,473
Middle	$55,133	$66,672	$79,194
Second lowest	$27,854	$38,803	$49,734
Lowest	$877	$11,899	$22,905
	All other races, non-Hispanic
Subtotal	$14,944	$88,190	$294,272
Sex
Female	$13,122	$72,977	$276,421
Male	$17,828	$109,554	$313,165
Country of birth
United States	$15,417	$87,335	$282,356
Other countries	$14,741	$88,875	$308,145
Age
31–39	$15,769	$98,900	$278,946
40–49	$15,417	$103,982	$393,370
50–59	$16,889	$88,190	$314,126
60–69	$12,637	$65,227	$219,917
70 or older	$1,481	$79,425	$177,827
Marital status
Married	$14,158	$84,637	$288,889
Divorced	$12,044	$74,409	$240,494
Widowed	$8,922	$54,415	$156,816
Never married	$16,983	$99,519	$314,752
Highest education level
Graduate	$23,171	$140,669	$430,017
Bachelor	$17,465	$107,281	$291,745
Associate	$12,680	$59,774	$173,378
High school	$10,099	$53,120	$222,766
Less than high school	$2,932	$23,870	$95,766
Current-law household income quintile
Highest	$54,300	$214,793	$518,321
Second highest	$27,036	$139,112	$220,847
Middle	$23,344	$90,256	$141,878
Second lowest	$15,070	$63,286	$91,349
Lowest	$2,289	$23,175	$48,208
Current-law payroll taxes quintile
Highest	$154,517	$222,766	$494,097
Second highest	$87,471	$106,661	$130,919
Middle	$55,754	$66,975	$80,444
Second lowest	$27,887	$38,627	$49,633
Lowest	$877	$12,216	$23,062
SOURCE: SSA Office of Research, Evaluation, and Statistics, MINT 8.19 Run ID: SB 03/16/2022
NOTES: Start date = 2022. Providing these estimates does not imply SSA support for the proposal, nor is SSA responsible for any interpretations of these estimates.

Projected Covered Earnings Distribution (Not Capped) in 2070
POPULATION: Current-law payroll taxpayers aged 31 or older (characteristics)
Characteristic	Individual covered earnings (2022 $) at the—
Characteristic	10th percentile	Median	90th percentile
	All taxpayers
Total	$13,616	$85,350	$250,032
Sex
Female	$12,546	$74,912	$203,301
Male	$15,082	$96,667	$283,352
Race/ethnicity
Hispanic or Latino, any race	$11,533	$69,940	$186,094
White, non-Hispanic	$15,209	$96,476	$258,566
Black or African American, non-Hispanic	$10,976	$70,971	$194,551
All other races, non-Hispanic	$16,215	$115,228	$375,722
Country of birth
United States	$14,554	$87,278	$243,699
Other countries	$10,830	$78,310	$273,590
Age
31–39	$17,152	$87,180	$238,604
40–49	$16,187	$91,227	$283,352
50–59	$16,772	$90,113	$278,597
60–69	$10,085	$66,056	$225,261
70 or older	$1,114	$81,481	$193,431
Marital status
Married	$13,695	$87,507	$254,139
Divorced	$13,769	$85,292	$240,993
Widowed	$5,297	$66,637	$177,343
Never married	$14,083	$83,015	$254,751
Highest education level
Graduate	$26,061	$137,992	$359,599
Bachelor	$19,860	$124,526	$324,933
Associate	$14,314	$78,573	$187,611
High school	$10,140	$64,837	$165,262
Less than high school	$8,261	$55,072	$145,571
Current-law household income quintile
Highest	$55,547	$212,707	$519,858
Second highest	$35,676	$133,005	$244,606
Middle	$26,633	$100,472	$166,149
Second lowest	$17,663	$74,814	$110,951
Lowest	$2,032	$28,420	$61,597
Current-law payroll taxes quintile
Highest	$184,959	$250,032	$520,133
Second highest	$110,897	$133,744	$164,211
Middle	$70,421	$85,348	$101,755
Second lowest	$35,407	$49,404	$63,240
Lowest	$1,114	$13,615	$28,594
	Hispanic or Latino, any race
Subtotal	$11,533	$69,940	$186,094
Sex
Female	$10,071	$58,689	$146,406
Male	$13,642	$79,260	$222,399
Country of birth
United States	$13,230	$74,495	$191,228
Other countries	$8,526	$59,488	$171,573
Age
31–39	$14,750	$75,104	$181,579
40–49	$13,771	$75,035	$205,228
50–59	$13,097	$71,994	$196,044
60–69	$6,497	$50,970	$150,575
70 or older	$1,114	$60,581	$164,424
Marital status
Married	$11,537	$70,179	$188,576
Divorced	$13,113	$73,501	$200,073
Widowed	$5,308	$46,168	$131,365
Never married	$11,449	$70,095	$179,157
Highest education level
Graduate	$16,017	$98,471	$273,207
Bachelor	$18,383	$111,011	$310,024
Associate	$13,868	$76,929	$175,421
High school	$10,802	$63,496	$154,580
Less than high school	$9,277	$57,071	$148,100
Current-law household income quintile
Highest	$39,058	$169,091	$436,151
Second highest	$28,905	$110,751	$231,734
Middle	$25,071	$90,035	$155,074
Second lowest	$19,147	$74,371	$109,392
Lowest	$2,416	$28,853	$61,338
Current-law payroll taxes quintile
Highest	$182,794	$246,211	$461,024
Second highest	$109,933	$129,567	$162,902
Middle	$70,521	$85,247	$101,485
Second lowest	$35,207	$48,922	$63,024
Lowest	$1,114	$14,554	$28,928
	White, non-Hispanic
Subtotal	$15,209	$96,476	$258,566
Sex
Female	$13,757	$84,812	$210,833
Male	$17,461	$109,139	$291,719
Country of birth
United States	$15,513	$97,055	$255,733
Other countries	$12,039	$88,824	$281,555
Age
31–39	$18,302	$97,552	$248,309
40–49	$18,810	$108,314	$302,078
50–59	$20,406	$106,095	$286,846
60–69	$12,536	$73,868	$229,124
70 or older	$1,114	$84,442	$195,285
Marital status
Married	$15,920	$99,187	$265,249
Divorced	$14,813	$94,633	$250,651
Widowed	$5,297	$78,248	$191,239
Never married	$15,748	$93,309	$253,731
Highest education level
Graduate	$29,166	$145,160	$341,631
Bachelor	$20,380	$126,442	$314,540
Associate	$14,866	$83,348	$193,034
High school	$10,453	$69,375	$171,610
Less than high school	$6,733	$54,405	$137,648
Current-law household income quintile
Highest	$62,352	$207,052	$506,934
Second highest	$40,537	$139,382	$242,389
Middle	$27,188	$104,657	$168,566
Second lowest	$15,781	$73,834	$112,436
Lowest	$1,589	$27,044	$60,859
Current-law payroll taxes quintile
Highest	$184,363	$243,699	$506,934
Second highest	$111,502	$135,482	$164,951
Middle	$70,496	$85,523	$101,874
Second lowest	$35,636	$49,749	$63,427
Lowest	$1,114	$12,830	$28,270
	Black or African American, non-Hispanic
Subtotal	$10,976	$70,971	$194,551
Sex
Female	$13,398	$67,010	$167,240
Male	$8,064	$76,667	$229,293
Country of birth
United States	$10,996	$70,628	$194,031
Other countries	$10,248	$72,784	$198,981
Age
31–39	$13,533	$71,453	$190,805
40–49	$13,533	$76,595	$201,015
50–59	$14,423	$72,039	$214,603
60–69	$5,447	$58,325	$173,092
70 or older	$1,114	$70,833	$162,817
Marital status
Married	$9,715	$76,856	$215,034
Divorced	$13,254	$72,592	$202,449
Widowed	$1,114	$65,697	$157,481
Never married	$11,047	$68,452	$184,897
Highest education level
Graduate	$19,584	$120,783	$289,040
Bachelor	$17,531	$108,823	$229,237
Associate	$13,667	$70,403	$164,298
High school	$7,479	$57,521	$145,902
Less than high school	$6,134	$50,458	$133,564
Current-law household income quintile
Highest	$50,134	$185,126	$430,173
Second highest	$35,408	$131,490	$242,600
Middle	$26,793	$103,792	$169,160
Second lowest	$22,019	$76,726	$111,004
Lowest	$2,279	$29,847	$63,490
Current-law payroll taxes quintile
Highest	$183,466	$228,437	$413,797
Second highest	$110,607	$132,961	$163,627
Middle	$69,971	$83,759	$101,487
Second lowest	$35,894	$50,015	$63,549
Lowest	$1,114	$14,052	$28,290
	All other races, non-Hispanic
Subtotal	$16,215	$115,228	$375,722
Sex
Female	$14,276	$96,799	$346,718
Male	$19,163	$138,352	$417,912
Country of birth
United States	$20,119	$117,251	$367,876
Other countries	$14,072	$113,296	$381,222
Age
31–39	$24,241	$131,102	$346,075
40–49	$17,188	$118,260	$469,257
50–59	$16,859	$117,772	$448,971
60–69	$11,601	$98,760	$338,275
70 or older	$4,717	$109,593	$223,906
Marital status
Married	$13,727	$109,492	$358,279
Divorced	$12,288	$101,607	$368,905
Widowed	$9,551	$78,892	$182,244
Never married	$21,463	$129,606	$403,986
Highest education level
Graduate	$30,805	$173,873	$527,884
Bachelor	$21,796	$141,856	$382,464
Associate	$14,208	$73,096	$215,950
High school	$9,817	$65,751	$257,171
Less than high school	$2,630	$30,017	$128,981
Current-law household income quintile
Highest	$67,308	$277,108	$643,742
Second highest	$41,943	$171,321	$269,662
Middle	$30,389	$119,954	$177,657
Second lowest	$18,188	$78,187	$111,652
Lowest	$2,217	$28,608	$61,763
Current-law payroll taxes quintile
Highest	$191,470	$280,638	$627,804
Second highest	$111,648	$135,895	$164,696
Middle	$70,163	$85,817	$102,182
Second lowest	$34,626	$48,116	$62,888
Lowest	$1,114	$13,322	$28,917
SOURCE: SSA Office of Research, Evaluation, and Statistics, MINT 8.19 Run ID: SB 03/16/2022
NOTES: Start date = 2022. Providing these estimates does not imply SSA support for the proposal, nor is SSA responsible for any interpretations of these estimates.

Projected Lifetime Quarters of Coverage Distribution in 2022
POPULATION: Current-law payroll taxpayers aged 31 or older (characteristics)
Characteristic	Individual lifetime quarters of coverage at the—
Characteristic	10th percentile	Median	90th percentile
	All taxpayers
Total	94	173	243
Sex
Female	85	168	242
Male	104	177	244
Race/ethnicity
Hispanic or Latino, any race	74	149	215
White, non-Hispanic	108	183	250
Black or African American, non-Hispanic	80	161	226
All other races, non-Hispanic	80	164	240
Country of birth
United States	107	179	247
Other countries	64	140	216
Age
31–39	84	165	236
40–49	95	168	236
50–59	98	172	237
60–69	102	190	249
70 or older	120	218	271
Marital status
Married	96	175	244
Divorced	104	176	244
Widowed	85	179	247
Never married	85	165	234
Highest education level
Graduate	110	190	263
Bachelor	112	188	257
Associate	104	174	239
High school	87	167	228
Less than high school	60	136	196
Current-law household income quintile
Highest	126	196	268
Second highest	117	186	252
Middle	106	177	237
Second lowest	94	167	224
Lowest	61	138	198
Current-law payroll taxes quintile
Highest	148	202	271
Second highest	129	188	250
Middle	112	174	232
Second lowest	88	157	217
Lowest	54	133	207
	Hispanic or Latino, any race
Subtotal	74	149	215
Sex
Female	61	136	208
Male	88	156	217
Country of birth
United States	93	163	226
Other countries	61	135	200
Age
31–39	76	150	210
40–49	80	145	208
50–59	68	146	214
60–69	66	163	228
70 or older	88	198	248
Marital status
Married	72	148	216
Divorced	83	160	220
Widowed	58	130	207
Never married	78	148	209
Highest education level
Graduate	91	170	252
Bachelor	84	162	244
Associate	82	159	221
High school	80	149	212
Less than high school	60	134	192
Current-law household income quintile
Highest	95	171	247
Second highest	88	160	234
Middle	86	156	214
Second lowest	84	149	207
Lowest	52	125	185
Current-law payroll taxes quintile
Highest	112	185	260
Second highest	102	168	228
Middle	98	159	211
Second lowest	74	140	199
Lowest	41	112	181
	White, non-Hispanic
Subtotal	108	183	250
Sex
Female	98	177	250
Male	119	187	250
Country of birth
United States	114	184	251
Other countries	68	149	225
Age
31–39	93	172	242
40–49	108	176	245
50–59	118	180	244
60–69	117	196	252
70 or older	131	222	273
Marital status
Married	110	184	252
Divorced	114	183	249
Widowed	107	189	253
Never married	97	175	243
Highest education level
Graduate	120	196	266
Bachelor	125	193	260
Associate	114	179	243
High school	99	175	235
Less than high school	64	143	210
Current-law household income quintile
Highest	140	203	272
Second highest	129	192	256
Middle	119	184	243
Second lowest	105	175	230
Lowest	71	147	204
Current-law payroll taxes quintile
Highest	156	207	274
Second highest	141	193	255
Middle	121	182	240
Second lowest	97	167	224
Lowest	67	147	217
	Black or African American, non-Hispanic
Subtotal	80	161	226
Sex
Female	82	162	230
Male	79	160	224
Country of birth
United States	88	165	228
Other countries	60	134	201
Age
31–39	69	153	214
40–49	84	157	223
50–59	91	162	225
60–69	90	175	229
70 or older	89	203	255
Marital status
Married	89	167	230
Divorced	91	164	226
Widowed	69	163	229
Never married	70	153	218
Highest education level
Graduate	94	175	252
Bachelor	95	170	245
Associate	96	167	228
High school	71	152	215
Less than high school	44	129	188
Current-law household income quintile
Highest	114	182	260
Second highest	112	175	245
Middle	97	168	224
Second lowest	93	162	218
Lowest	57	133	192
Current-law payroll taxes quintile
Highest	137	188	264
Second highest	128	176	237
Middle	109	169	222
Second lowest	87	153	211
Lowest	45	120	191
	All other races, non-Hispanic
Subtotal	80	164	240
Sex
Female	73	155	242
Male	90	168	238
Country of birth
United States	108	177	246
Other countries	69	152	237
Age
31–39	79	168	247
40–49	88	165	241
50–59	76	154	224
60–69	72	163	228
70 or older	80	200	254
Marital status
Married	74	160	237
Divorced	96	170	235
Widowed	66	154	232
Never married	95	170	249
Highest education level
Graduate	96	174	255
Bachelor	84	167	246
Associate	84	164	229
High school	71	151	220
Less than high school	37	126	179
Current-law household income quintile
Highest	112	187	261
Second highest	107	174	249
Middle	90	168	240
Second lowest	72	153	208
Lowest	51	126	191
Current-law payroll taxes quintile
Highest	136	196	267
Second highest	112	176	245
Middle	91	160	218
Second lowest	72	143	206
Lowest	40	113	192
SOURCE: SSA Office of Research, Evaluation, and Statistics, MINT 8.19 Run ID: SB 03/16/2022
NOTES: Start date = 2022. Providing these estimates does not imply SSA support for the proposal, nor is SSA responsible for any interpretations of these estimates.

Projected Lifetime Quarters of Coverage Distribution in 2030
POPULATION: Current-law payroll taxpayers aged 31 or older (characteristics)
Characteristic	Individual lifetime quarters of coverage at the—
Characteristic	10th percentile	Median	90th percentile
	All taxpayers
Total	94	173	246
Sex
Female	86	169	247
Male	103	177	245
Race/ethnicity
Hispanic or Latino, any race	72	151	216
White, non-Hispanic	109	184	254
Black or African American, non-Hispanic	84	162	228
All other races, non-Hispanic	80	166	246
Country of birth
United States	107	180	250
Other countries	60	143	220
Age
31–39	85	164	236
40–49	96	168	237
50–59	94	171	238
60–69	100	188	249
70 or older	133	223	276
Marital status
Married	96	175	248
Divorced	102	178	247
Widowed	85	185	252
Never married	88	165	236
Highest education level
Graduate	114	191	265
Bachelor	112	189	261
Associate	105	175	241
High school	85	165	228
Less than high school	55	136	195
Current-law household income quintile
Highest	128	199	272
Second highest	117	187	256
Middle	107	177	240
Second lowest	95	167	225
Lowest	57	137	200
Current-law payroll taxes quintile
Highest	144	202	274
Second highest	128	187	253
Middle	112	175	236
Second lowest	86	159	222
Lowest	52	135	208
	Hispanic or Latino, any race
Subtotal	72	151	216
Sex
Female	63	140	214
Male	86	157	218
Country of birth
United States	96	164	228
Other countries	54	134	201
Age
31–39	75	151	209
40–49	74	149	209
50–59	67	147	209
60–69	68	161	228
70 or older	109	197	256
Marital status
Married	71	151	216
Divorced	80	160	230
Widowed	52	148	219
Never married	73	148	210
Highest education level
Graduate	100	171	253
Bachelor	83	164	244
Associate	84	161	221
High school	77	152	213
Less than high school	56	135	193
Current-law household income quintile
Highest	94	168	250
Second highest	92	164	236
Middle	86	158	219
Second lowest	83	151	207
Lowest	45	126	190
Current-law payroll taxes quintile
Highest	120	184	261
Second highest	107	169	231
Middle	96	160	216
Second lowest	72	140	197
Lowest	37	118	188
	White, non-Hispanic
Subtotal	109	184	254
Sex
Female	100	179	256
Male	119	188	252
Country of birth
United States	115	186	255
Other countries	64	151	232
Age
31–39	95	172	244
40–49	108	176	245
50–59	116	180	246
60–69	121	196	254
70 or older	146	229	280
Marital status
Married	112	184	256
Divorced	113	184	252
Widowed	114	198	257
Never married	98	176	244
Highest education level
Graduate	125	196	268
Bachelor	125	196	265
Associate	117	180	247
High school	98	175	237
Less than high school	57	140	205
Current-law household income quintile
Highest	140	206	277
Second highest	131	193	260
Middle	123	185	244
Second lowest	105	175	231
Lowest	68	148	208
Current-law payroll taxes quintile
Highest	153	208	277
Second highest	138	193	259
Middle	122	183	243
Second lowest	99	171	232
Lowest	64	149	219
	Black or African American, non-Hispanic
Subtotal	84	162	228
Sex
Female	87	163	233
Male	80	160	224
Country of birth
United States	91	165	231
Other countries	56	139	209
Age
31–39	72	151	211
40–49	88	158	218
50–59	91	164	232
60–69	89	180	240
70 or older	94	204	262
Marital status
Married	88	168	232
Divorced	90	166	233
Widowed	84	172	229
Never married	78	154	218
Highest education level
Graduate	108	178	254
Bachelor	100	169	245
Associate	96	168	232
High school	72	152	214
Less than high school	51	132	192
Current-law household income quintile
Highest	130	184	258
Second highest	102	171	240
Middle	102	172	241
Second lowest	95	163	221
Lowest	58	132	190
Current-law payroll taxes quintile
Highest	137	185	260
Second highest	125	180	242
Middle	106	167	224
Second lowest	85	153	212
Lowest	51	121	191
	All other races, non-Hispanic
Subtotal	80	166	246
Sex
Female	76	161	249
Male	86	170	241
Country of birth
United States	110	178	255
Other countries	68	156	241
Age
31–39	87	166	249
40–49	81	165	246
50–59	73	164	240
60–69	75	159	232
70 or older	95	200	263
Marital status
Married	71	162	240
Divorced	91	170	240
Widowed	56	153	244
Never married	103	172	256
Highest education level
Graduate	96	176	258
Bachelor	87	171	252
Associate	80	164	229
High school	65	155	225
Less than high school	39	119	176
Current-law household income quintile
Highest	116	192	264
Second highest	100	175	253
Middle	84	167	236
Second lowest	79	160	220
Lowest	43	121	190
Current-law payroll taxes quintile
Highest	134	200	268
Second highest	116	177	248
Middle	90	165	220
Second lowest	67	141	203
Lowest	37	118	191
SOURCE: SSA Office of Research, Evaluation, and Statistics, MINT 8.19 Run ID: SB 03/16/2022
NOTES: Start date = 2022. Providing these estimates does not imply SSA support for the proposal, nor is SSA responsible for any interpretations of these estimates.

Projected Lifetime Quarters of Coverage Distribution in 2050
POPULATION: Current-law payroll taxpayers aged 31 or older (characteristics)
Characteristic	Individual lifetime quarters of coverage at the—
Characteristic	10th percentile	Median	90th percentile
	All taxpayers
Total	92	173	248
Sex
Female	86	170	252
Male	99	175	245
Race/ethnicity
Hispanic or Latino, any race	77	156	221
White, non-Hispanic	108	184	257
Black or African American, non-Hispanic	84	164	233
All other races, non-Hispanic	81	173	252
Country of birth
United States	106	179	252
Other countries	60	147	230
Age
31–39	84	164	232
40–49	95	167	239
50–59	91	170	240
60–69	91	186	252
70 or older	133	230	285
Marital status
Married	93	174	250
Divorced	101	178	251
Widowed	77	187	273
Never married	88	167	238
Highest education level
Graduate	112	191	265
Bachelor	108	190	264
Associate	102	174	243
High school	84	164	226
Less than high school	56	138	199
Current-law household income quintile
Highest	133	201	275
Second highest	116	186	257
Middle	103	176	242
Second lowest	92	165	224
Lowest	57	136	198
Current-law payroll taxes quintile
Highest	146	204	272
Second highest	127	187	257
Middle	108	173	237
Second lowest	84	159	225
Lowest	53	133	207
	Hispanic or Latino, any race
Subtotal	77	156	221
Sex
Female	69	148	221
Male	87	160	221
Country of birth
United States	96	165	229
Other countries	56	133	204
Age
31–39	78	153	214
40–49	84	154	213
50–59	68	153	212
60–69	68	165	229
70 or older	96	197	265
Marital status
Married	77	156	222
Divorced	86	163	231
Widowed	48	144	235
Never married	77	154	212
Highest education level
Graduate	100	176	251
Bachelor	84	168	249
Associate	90	161	220
High school	81	156	217
Less than high school	60	140	199
Current-law household income quintile
Highest	105	179	257
Second highest	95	168	238
Middle	90	161	223
Second lowest	83	155	210
Lowest	51	128	191
Current-law payroll taxes quintile
Highest	128	189	263
Second highest	112	172	234
Middle	98	164	220
Second lowest	75	147	205
Lowest	42	120	190
	White, non-Hispanic
Subtotal	108	184	257
Sex
Female	100	180	262
Male	115	187	253
Country of birth
United States	114	186	259
Other countries	62	151	237
Age
31–39	93	172	240
40–49	109	175	248
50–59	112	178	249
60–69	107	194	259
70 or older	148	237	290
Marital status
Married	109	184	258
Divorced	113	185	258
Widowed	100	203	282
Never married	100	179	247
Highest education level
Graduate	123	197	269
Bachelor	123	198	270
Associate	113	180	250
High school	93	172	233
Less than high school	55	138	205
Current-law household income quintile
Highest	147	208	280
Second highest	130	194	261
Middle	116	184	250
Second lowest	100	172	231
Lowest	65	145	204
Current-law payroll taxes quintile
Highest	153	208	276
Second highest	140	195	264
Middle	118	181	247
Second lowest	96	170	237
Lowest	64	147	220
	Black or African American, non-Hispanic
Subtotal	84	164	233
Sex
Female	87	165	236
Male	81	162	231
Country of birth
United States	91	166	236
Other countries	52	144	216
Age
31–39	72	152	211
40–49	88	157	224
50–59	89	164	217
60–69	89	180	242
70 or older	140	232	284
Marital status
Married	87	169	238
Divorced	96	167	236
Widowed	70	190	262
Never married	79	156	224
Highest education level
Graduate	106	180	260
Bachelor	105	176	251
Associate	95	171	237
High school	71	152	210
Less than high school	59	136	195
Current-law household income quintile
Highest	122	193	270
Second highest	106	175	248
Middle	101	172	240
Second lowest	98	164	220
Lowest	59	133	196
Current-law payroll taxes quintile
Highest	136	192	267
Second highest	121	179	247
Middle	105	169	225
Second lowest	86	156	215
Lowest	51	124	195
	All other races, non-Hispanic
Subtotal	81	173	252
Sex
Female	76	169	257
Male	89	175	246
Country of birth
United States	110	183	257
Other countries	68	164	249
Age
31–39	91	173	243
40–49	90	168	253
50–59	69	165	249
60–69	65	171	252
70 or older	111	217	272
Marital status
Married	71	168	251
Divorced	81	171	240
Widowed	37	154	265
Never married	101	178	254
Highest education level
Graduate	92	184	260
Bachelor	91	178	257
Associate	91	168	237
High school	68	160	230
Less than high school	33	93	172
Current-law household income quintile
Highest	125	204	268
Second highest	105	185	259
Middle	84	168	237
Second lowest	73	155	212
Lowest	45	122	194
Current-law payroll taxes quintile
Highest	140	208	268
Second highest	109	180	253
Middle	96	168	229
Second lowest	57	146	216
Lowest	39	117	199
SOURCE: SSA Office of Research, Evaluation, and Statistics, MINT 8.19 Run ID: SB 03/16/2022
NOTES: Start date = 2022. Providing these estimates does not imply SSA support for the proposal, nor is SSA responsible for any interpretations of these estimates.

Projected Lifetime Quarters of Coverage Distribution in 2070
POPULATION: Current-law payroll taxpayers aged 31 or older (characteristics)
Characteristic	Individual lifetime quarters of coverage at the—
Characteristic	10th percentile	Median	90th percentile
	All taxpayers
Total	91	168	232
Sex
Female	84	166	235
Male	98	170	231
Race/ethnicity
Hispanic or Latino, any race	79	156	208
White, non-Hispanic	104	177	245
Black or African American, non-Hispanic	85	161	219
All other races, non-Hispanic	88	168	238
Country of birth
United States	103	172	236
Other countries	58	145	216
Age
31–39	82	155	187
40–49	94	166	212
50–59	89	169	234
60–69	91	184	255
70 or older	130	231	289
Marital status
Married	90	168	232
Divorced	99	176	241
Widowed	76	188	284
Never married	88	163	218
Highest education level
Graduate	112	180	253
Bachelor	108	179	250
Associate	101	170	226
High school	82	160	213
Less than high school	56	139	193
Current-law household income quintile
Highest	130	189	264
Second highest	114	178	243
Middle	103	170	226
Second lowest	91	162	212
Lowest	56	134	190
Current-law payroll taxes quintile
Highest	140	188	253
Second highest	124	179	245
Middle	108	170	224
Second lowest	84	155	215
Lowest	50	131	203
	Hispanic or Latino, any race
Subtotal	79	156	208
Sex
Female	71	149	208
Male	88	160	208
Country of birth
United States	95	163	212
Other countries	52	132	196
Age
31–39	78	148	184
40–49	83	154	204
50–59	74	157	216
60–69	70	170	232
70 or older	98	204	274
Marital status
Married	78	156	208
Divorced	87	166	222
Widowed	48	144	240
Never married	78	152	200
Highest education level
Graduate	107	172	236
Bachelor	85	168	228
Associate	91	158	207
High school	80	156	204
Less than high school	58	142	193
Current-law household income quintile
Highest	108	173	238
Second highest	96	165	217
Middle	93	161	209
Second lowest	85	156	204
Lowest	51	127	184
Current-law payroll taxes quintile
Highest	121	176	236
Second highest	112	170	218
Middle	100	164	208
Second lowest	78	147	200
Lowest	43	123	186
	White, non-Hispanic
Subtotal	104	177	245
Sex
Female	97	175	250
Male	112	179	242
Country of birth
United States	111	179	247
Other countries	61	147	220
Age
31–39	87	161	189
40–49	109	174	217
50–59	107	178	242
60–69	110	193	262
70 or older	148	238	295
Marital status
Married	105	176	244
Divorced	109	183	252
Widowed	115	219	294
Never married	96	172	230
Highest education level
Graduate	120	186	260
Bachelor	121	185	258
Associate	111	175	237
High school	88	168	223
Less than high school	52	137	199
Current-law household income quintile
Highest	143	196	272
Second highest	126	186	255
Middle	113	177	236
Second lowest	98	169	219
Lowest	63	140	196
Current-law payroll taxes quintile
Highest	149	192	260
Second highest	133	185	254
Middle	117	177	239
Second lowest	92	165	230
Lowest	59	144	221
	Black or African American, non-Hispanic
Subtotal	85	161	219
Sex
Female	87	163	220
Male	83	160	216
Country of birth
United States	92	164	221
Other countries	56	145	201
Age
31–39	72	147	182
40–49	91	158	206
50–59	91	164	218
60–69	90	178	247
70 or older	121	217	281
Marital status
Married	83	164	220
Divorced	104	170	228
Widowed	89	169	281
Never married	81	156	209
Highest education level
Graduate	100	174	248
Bachelor	107	169	234
Associate	102	169	219
High school	75	152	201
Less than high school	53	136	194
Current-law household income quintile
Highest	124	180	263
Second highest	113	174	232
Middle	106	169	229
Second lowest	95	161	210
Lowest	60	136	190
Current-law payroll taxes quintile
Highest	136	181	248
Second highest	126	175	234
Middle	108	167	215
Second lowest	85	153	205
Lowest	51	127	192
	All other races, non-Hispanic
Subtotal	88	168	238
Sex
Female	82	167	243
Male	96	169	234
Country of birth
United States	110	175	236
Other countries	68	160	239
Age
31–39	92	155	183
40–49	93	169	211
50–59	68	169	239
60–69	78	181	260
70 or older	119	231	283
Marital status
Married	74	164	241
Divorced	72	166	228
Widowed	41	171	262
Never married	106	171	233
Highest education level
Graduate	101	173	248
Bachelor	95	172	243
Associate	99	168	219
High school	66	157	215
Less than high school	33	100	168
Current-law household income quintile
Highest	128	190	262
Second highest	116	176	239
Middle	91	164	217
Second lowest	76	155	205
Lowest	46	126	184
Current-law payroll taxes quintile
Highest	138	185	248
Second highest	115	176	253
Middle	94	165	225
Second lowest	71	148	205
Lowest	42	120	196
SOURCE: SSA Office of Research, Evaluation, and Statistics, MINT 8.19 Run ID: SB 03/16/2022
NOTES: Start date = 2022. Providing these estimates does not imply SSA support for the proposal, nor is SSA responsible for any interpretations of these estimates.

Projected Poverty Rates and Numbers in 2022
POPULATION: Current-law payroll taxpayers aged 31 or older (characteristics)
Characteristic	Poverty rate		Number of population in poverty (in thousands)
Characteristic	Official	Supplemental	Official	Supplemental
	All taxpayers
Total	7.0%	12.0%	7,827	14,065
Sex
Female	8.0%	13.0%	4,273	7,346
Male	6.0%	11.0%	3,554	6,720
Race/ethnicity
Hispanic or Latino, any race	8.0%	16.0%	1,693	3,174
White, non-Hispanic	5.0%	10.0%	3,878	7,308
Black or African American, non-Hispanic	12.0%	18.0%	1,617	2,414
All other races, non-Hispanic	7.0%	13.0%	639	1,169
Country of birth
United States	6.0%	11.0%	5,819	10,465
Other countries	8.0%	15.0%	2,008	3,601
Age
31–39	11.0%	18.0%	3,550	5,960
40–49	8.0%	14.0%	2,386	4,382
50–59	4.0%	8.0%	1,328	2,512
60–69	3.0%	6.0%	506	1,078
70 or older	1.0%	2.0%	56	134
Marital status
Married	4.0%	9.0%	3,257	6,681
Divorced	9.0%	15.0%	1,487	2,582
Widowed	3.0%	6.0%	119	243
Never married	13.0%	19.0%	2,964	4,560
Highest education level
Graduate	3.0%	6.0%	558	1,130
Bachelor	4.0%	7.0%	891	1,714
Associate	6.0%	12.0%	1,755	3,255
High school	9.0%	15.0%	3,249	5,769
Less than high school	13.0%	22.0%	1,375	2,198
	Hispanic or Latino, any race
Subtotal	8.0%	16.0%	1,693	3,174
Sex
Female	10.0%	17.0%	852	1,503
Male	7.0%	15.0%	841	1,671
Country of birth
United States	7.0%	14.0%	693	1,374
Other countries	9.0%	17.0%	1,000	1,800
Marital status
Married	7.0%	15.0%	984	2,003
Divorced	11.0%	19.0%	224	395
Widowed	5.0%	8.0%	25	39
Never married	10.0%	16.0%	461	737
Highest education level
Graduate	5.0%	10.0%	65	133
Bachelor	7.0%	12.0%	123	204
Associate	5.0%	11.0%	183	389
High school	8.0%	17.0%	653	1,303
Less than high school	11.0%	19.0%	669	1,145
	White, non-Hispanic
Subtotal	5.0%	10.0%	3,878	7,308
Sex
Female	6.0%	11.0%	2,138	3,889
Male	4.0%	8.0%	1,740	3,419
Country of birth
United States	5.0%	9.0%	3,486	6,587
Other countries	7.0%	13.0%	391	721
Age
31–39	9.0%	16.0%	1,713	3,047
40–49	6.0%	12.0%	1,187	2,225
50–59	3.0%	7.0%	664	1,307
60–69	2.0%	5.0%	285	653
70 or older	1.0%	1.0%	29	75
Marital status
Married	3.0%	7.0%	1,639	3,467
Divorced	8.0%	14.0%	955	1,653
Widowed	2.0%	5.0%	65	150
Never married	10.0%	17.0%	1,219	2,037
Highest education level
Graduate	2.0%	5.0%	314	691
Bachelor	3.0%	5.0%	486	998
Associate	5.0%	10.0%	1,052	1,985
High school	7.0%	13.0%	1,593	2,974
Less than high school	15.0%	23.0%	433	659
	Black or African American, non-Hispanic
Subtotal	12.0%	18.0%	1,617	2,414
Sex
Female	13.0%	19.0%	912	1,329
Male	11.0%	16.0%	705	1,085
Country of birth
United States	12.0%	18.0%	1,424	2,102
Other countries	10.0%	16.0%	193	312
Highest education level
Graduate	6.0%	7.0%	82	107
Bachelor	7.0%	12.0%	150	270
Associate	9.0%	16.0%	320	545
High school	15.0%	21.0%	845	1,197
Less than high school	23.0%	31.0%	220	295
	All other races, non-Hispanic
Subtotal	7.0%	13.0%	639	1,169
Sex
Female	9.0%	15.0%	371	625
Male	6.0%	12.0%	268	544
Country of birth
United States	7.0%	13.0%	215	402
Other countries	8.0%	14.0%	424	768
Marital status
Married	6.0%	12.0%	347	659
Divorced	7.0%	11.0%	59	100
Widowed	5.0%	10.0%	15	28
Never married	10.0%	18.0%	218	383
Highest education level
Graduate	4.0%	9.0%	97	198
Bachelor	5.0%	10.0%	132	242
Associate	12.0%	20.0%	200	335
High school	8.0%	16.0%	157	294
Less than high school	15.0%	28.0%	53	99
SOURCE: SSA Office of Research, Evaluation, and Statistics, MINT 8.19 Run ID: SB 03/16/2022
NOTES: Start date = 2022. Providing these estimates does not imply SSA support for the proposal, nor is SSA responsible for any interpretations of these estimates.

Projected Poverty Rates and Numbers in 2030
POPULATION: Current-law payroll taxpayers aged 31 or older (characteristics)
Characteristic	Poverty rate		Number of population in poverty (in thousands)
Characteristic	Official	Supplemental	Official	Supplemental
	All taxpayers
Total	6.0%	13.0%	7,378	16,206
Sex
Female	7.0%	15.0%	4,050	8,632
Male	5.0%	11.0%	3,327	7,574
Race/ethnicity
Hispanic or Latino, any race	8.0%	16.0%	1,876	3,998
White, non-Hispanic	5.0%	11.0%	3,507	8,270
Black or African American, non-Hispanic	9.0%	17.0%	1,273	2,444
All other races, non-Hispanic	7.0%	15.0%	721	1,494
Country of birth
United States	5.0%	12.0%	5,372	11,874
Other countries	8.0%	17.0%	2,005	4,332
Age
31–39	10.0%	19.0%	3,169	6,450
40–49	8.0%	16.0%	2,541	5,315
50–59	4.0%	10.0%	1,208	2,956
60–69	2.0%	6.0%	409	1,266
70 or older	1.0%	2.0%	50	219
Marital status
Married	4.0%	10.0%	3,063	7,738
Divorced	7.0%	16.0%	1,364	2,887
Widowed	3.0%	7.0%	113	315
Never married	10.0%	19.0%	2,837	5,265
Highest education level
Graduate	3.0%	7.0%	610	1,525
Bachelor	3.0%	8.0%	845	2,040
Associate	5.0%	13.0%	1,542	3,701
High school	8.0%	17.0%	2,979	6,370
Less than high school	12.0%	23.0%	1,401	2,570
	Hispanic or Latino, any race
Subtotal	8.0%	16.0%	1,876	3,998
Sex
Female	9.0%	19.0%	990	2,048
Male	7.0%	15.0%	886	1,950
Country of birth
United States	7.0%	15.0%	883	1,897
Other countries	9.0%	18.0%	994	2,101
Marital status
Married	7.0%	16.0%	993	2,314
Divorced	9.0%	19.0%	255	511
Widowed	5.0%	12.0%	30	76
Never married	10.0%	18.0%	598	1,097
Highest education level
Graduate	5.0%	12.0%	90	229
Bachelor	4.0%	13.0%	82	247
Associate	5.0%	13.0%	219	543
High school	8.0%	17.0%	765	1,575
Less than high school	10.0%	20.0%	721	1,405
	White, non-Hispanic
Subtotal	5.0%	11.0%	3,507	8,270
Sex
Female	6.0%	12.0%	1,994	4,454
Male	4.0%	9.0%	1,513	3,816
Country of birth
United States	4.0%	10.0%	3,139	7,399
Other countries	7.0%	16.0%	368	871
Marital status
Married	3.0%	8.0%	1,490	4,065
Divorced	7.0%	15.0%	847	1,830
Widowed	2.0%	6.0%	56	173
Never married	9.0%	17.0%	1,114	2,202
Highest education level
Graduate	2.0%	6.0%	344	857
Bachelor	2.0%	6.0%	430	1,138
Associate	5.0%	11.0%	876	2,224
High school	7.0%	15.0%	1,443	3,309
Less than high school	14.0%	25.0%	415	742
Current-law household income quintile
Highest	.0%	.0%	0	36
Second highest	.0%	.0%	0	36
Middle	.0%	1.0%	0	206
Second lowest	.0%	6.0%	30	912
Lowest	28.0%	58.0%	3,477	7,080
	Black or African American, non-Hispanic
Subtotal	9.0%	17.0%	1,273	2,444
Sex
Female	9.0%	18.0%	648	1,304
Male	9.0%	16.0%	625	1,140
Country of birth
United States	9.0%	17.0%	1,115	2,108
Other countries	8.0%	17.0%	158	336
Highest education level
Graduate	4.0%	10.0%	59	157
Bachelor	5.0%	10.0%	120	248
Associate	7.0%	15.0%	244	515
High school	11.0%	21.0%	632	1,191
Less than high school	21.0%	31.0%	218	332
	All other races, non-Hispanic
Subtotal	7.0%	15.0%	721	1,494
Sex
Female	8.0%	17.0%	418	826
Male	6.0%	13.0%	303	668
Country of birth
United States	7.0%	13.0%	236	470
Other countries	7.0%	16.0%	485	1,024
Highest education level
Graduate	4.0%	10.0%	117	282
Bachelor	7.0%	14.0%	214	406
Associate	10.0%	21.0%	203	419
High school	8.0%	17.0%	139	296
Less than high school	13.0%	25.0%	48	91
SOURCE: SSA Office of Research, Evaluation, and Statistics, MINT 8.19 Run ID: SB 03/16/2022
NOTES: Start date = 2022. Providing these estimates does not imply SSA support for the proposal, nor is SSA responsible for any interpretations of these estimates.

Projected Poverty Rates and Numbers in 2050
POPULATION: Current-law payroll taxpayers aged 31 or older (characteristics)
Characteristic	Poverty rate		Number of population in poverty (in thousands)
Characteristic	Official	Supplemental	Official	Supplemental
	All taxpayers
Total	4.0%	16.0%	6,119	22,214
Sex
Female	5.0%	18.0%	3,267	11,581
Male	4.0%	15.0%	2,852	10,633
Race/ethnicity
Hispanic or Latino, any race	5.0%	19.0%	1,779	6,695
White, non-Hispanic	3.0%	14.0%	2,568	10,198
Black or African American, non-Hispanic	7.0%	21.0%	1,062	2,990
All other races, non-Hispanic	5.0%	17.0%	710	2,331
Country of birth
United States	4.0%	15.0%	4,407	16,412
Other countries	6.0%	20.0%	1,712	5,803
Age
31–39	7.0%	23.0%	2,366	7,710
40–49	5.0%	19.0%	1,986	7,274
50–59	4.0%	14.0%	1,181	4,547
60–69	3.0%	11.0%	561	2,328
70 or older	.0%	3.0%	25	354
Marital status
Married	3.0%	15.0%	2,436	10,903
Divorced	5.0%	18.0%	1,165	4,044
Widowed	3.0%	10.0%	97	368
Never married	7.0%	19.0%	2,421	6,899
Highest education level
Graduate	3.0%	9.0%	716	2,523
Bachelor	3.0%	11.0%	689	2,761
Associate	4.0%	17.0%	1,200	5,044
High school	6.0%	21.0%	2,351	8,367
Less than high school	9.0%	26.0%	1,162	3,520
Current-law payroll taxes quintile
Highest	.0%	1.0%	0	196
Second highest	.0%	3.0%	0	883
Middle	.0%	9.0%	0	2,583
Second lowest	1.0%	24.0%	202	6,644
Lowest	22.0%	44.0%	5,917	11,908
	Hispanic or Latino, any race
Subtotal	5.0%	19.0%	1,779	6,695
Sex
Female	6.0%	22.0%	944	3,360
Male	4.0%	18.0%	834	3,335
Country of birth
United States	5.0%	18.0%	1,020	4,013
Other countries	6.0%	21.0%	759	2,681
Marital status
Married	4.0%	19.0%	840	3,640
Divorced	6.0%	22.0%	257	997
Widowed	4.0%	16.0%	35	129
Never married	6.0%	19.0%	647	1,930
Highest education level
Graduate	3.0%	11.0%	99	412
Bachelor	3.0%	13.0%	74	342
Associate	4.0%	18.0%	257	1,028
High school	5.0%	21.0%	721	2,732
Less than high school	7.0%	24.0%	628	2,182
	White, non-Hispanic
Subtotal	3.0%	14.0%	2,568	10,198
Sex
Female	4.0%	15.0%	1,368	5,258
Male	3.0%	13.0%	1,200	4,940
Country of birth
United States	3.0%	13.0%	2,234	8,978
Other countries	5.0%	20.0%	333	1,220
Marital status
Married	2.0%	12.0%	1,072	5,284
Divorced	4.0%	16.0%	622	2,282
Widowed	2.0%	7.0%	42	172
Never married	6.0%	18.0%	832	2,461
Highest education level
Graduate	2.0%	8.0%	361	1,315
Bachelor	2.0%	9.0%	332	1,526
Associate	3.0%	15.0%	600	2,782
High school	5.0%	19.0%	975	3,747
Less than high school	11.0%	29.0%	301	829
Current-law payroll taxes quintile
Highest	.0%	1.0%	0	128
Second highest	.0%	3.0%	0	498
Middle	.0%	10.0%	0	1,367
Second lowest	1.0%	22.0%	75	2,894
Lowest	19.0%	40.0%	2,493	5,311
	Black or African American, non-Hispanic
Subtotal	7.0%	21.0%	1,062	2,990
Sex
Female	7.0%	22.0%	538	1,656
Male	8.0%	19.0%	523	1,334
Country of birth
United States	7.0%	20.0%	905	2,553
Other countries	8.0%	21.0%	157	437
Highest education level
Graduate	4.0%	10.0%	72	201
Bachelor	4.0%	13.0%	101	323
Associate	6.0%	19.0%	209	637
High school	10.0%	27.0%	542	1,507
Less than high school	12.0%	29.0%	137	322
	All other races, non-Hispanic
Subtotal	5.0%	17.0%	710	2,331
Sex
Female	6.0%	19.0%	416	1,307
Male	4.0%	14.0%	294	1,024
Country of birth
United States	5.0%	17.0%	248	867
Other countries	5.0%	17.0%	462	1,464
Marital status
Married	5.0%	17.0%	330	1,235
Divorced	7.0%	17.0%	81	201
Widowed	5.0%	13.0%	15	41
Never married	5.0%	16.0%	284	854
Highest education level
Graduate	4.0%	12.0%	185	595
Bachelor	4.0%	14.0%	182	570
Associate	5.0%	23.0%	134	597
High school	6.0%	20.0%	114	382
Less than high school	20.0%	40.0%	96	187
Current-law payroll taxes quintile
Highest	.0%	1.0%	0	40
Second highest	.0%	7.0%	0	159
Middle	.0%	13.0%	0	266
Second lowest	2.0%	31.0%	39	708
Lowest	28.0%	49.0%	671	1,158
SOURCE: SSA Office of Research, Evaluation, and Statistics, MINT 8.19 Run ID: SB 03/16/2022
NOTES: Start date = 2022. Providing these estimates does not imply SSA support for the proposal, nor is SSA responsible for any interpretations of these estimates.

Projected Poverty Rates and Numbers in 2070
POPULATION: Current-law payroll taxpayers aged 31 or older (characteristics)
Characteristic	Poverty rate		Number of population in poverty (in thousands)
Characteristic	Official	Supplemental	Official	Supplemental
	All taxpayers
Total	4.0%	19.0%	5,343	28,952
Sex
Female	4.0%	21.0%	2,947	15,251
Male	3.0%	17.0%	2,396	13,701
Race/ethnicity
Hispanic or Latino, any race	4.0%	22.0%	1,829	10,273
White, non-Hispanic	3.0%	17.0%	1,970	11,698
Black or African American, non-Hispanic	6.0%	24.0%	829	3,585
All other races, non-Hispanic	4.0%	19.0%	715	3,396
Country of birth
United States	3.0%	18.0%	3,918	21,732
Other countries	4.0%	23.0%	1,425	7,220
Age
31–39	5.0%	26.0%	1,977	10,145
40–49	4.0%	23.0%	1,775	9,047
50–59	3.0%	17.0%	1,070	5,909
60–69	2.0%	14.0%	490	3,232
70 or older	.0%	5.0%	31	619
Marital status
Married	3.0%	18.0%	2,002	13,869
Divorced	4.0%	21.0%	1,104	5,365
Widowed	2.0%	12.0%	63	403
Never married	5.0%	21.0%	2,174	9,315
Highest education level
Graduate	2.0%	12.0%	689	3,746
Bachelor	3.0%	13.0%	679	3,495
Associate	3.0%	20.0%	977	6,284
High school	5.0%	25.0%	1,999	10,789
Less than high school	6.0%	30.0%	1,000	4,638
Current-law payroll taxes quintile
Highest	.0%	1.0%	0	356
Second highest	.0%	5.0%	0	1,630
Middle	.0%	14.0%	0	4,191
Second lowest	.0%	30.0%	36	8,901
Lowest	18.0%	46.0%	5,307	13,874
	Hispanic or Latino, any race
Subtotal	4.0%	22.0%	1,829	10,273
Sex
Female	5.0%	25.0%	991	5,189
Male	3.0%	20.0%	838	5,084
Country of birth
United States	4.0%	21.0%	1,205	6,907
Other countries	5.0%	26.0%	624	3,366
Marital status
Married	3.0%	23.0%	752	5,333
Divorced	5.0%	24.0%	324	1,631
Widowed	2.0%	17.0%	21	155
Never married	5.0%	22.0%	732	3,153
Highest education level
Graduate	3.0%	17.0%	169	882
Bachelor	3.0%	15.0%	101	542
Associate	3.0%	19.0%	267	1,518
High school	4.0%	24.0%	719	4,187
Less than high school	5.0%	28.0%	573	3,143
	White, non-Hispanic
Subtotal	3.0%	17.0%	1,970	11,698
Sex
Female	3.0%	19.0%	1,142	6,217
Male	2.0%	15.0%	828	5,481
Country of birth
United States	3.0%	16.0%	1,723	10,312
Other countries	4.0%	21.0%	247	1,386
Marital status
Married	2.0%	15.0%	791	6,077
Divorced	4.0%	19.0%	535	2,736
Widowed	1.0%	9.0%	25	165
Never married	4.0%	20.0%	619	2,719
Highest education level
Graduate	2.0%	10.0%	281	1,702
Bachelor	2.0%	11.0%	274	1,704
Associate	3.0%	18.0%	457	3,070
High school	4.0%	24.0%	737	4,338
Less than high school	8.0%	33.0%	221	883
	Black or African American, non-Hispanic
Subtotal	6.0%	24.0%	829	3,585
Sex
Female	6.0%	26.0%	436	2,068
Male	6.0%	22.0%	393	1,517
Country of birth
United States	6.0%	25.0%	712	3,026
Other countries	5.0%	24.0%	116	559
Highest education level
Graduate	4.0%	17.0%	79	360
Bachelor	4.0%	16.0%	103	406
Associate	4.0%	25.0%	133	830
High school	7.0%	29.0%	412	1,629
Less than high school	10.0%	34.0%	102	360
	All other races, non-Hispanic
Subtotal	4.0%	19.0%	715	3,396
Sex
Female	4.0%	20.0%	378	1,777
Male	4.0%	17.0%	338	1,619
Country of birth
United States	3.0%	18.0%	278	1,487
Other countries	4.0%	19.0%	438	1,909
Highest education level
Graduate	2.0%	13.0%	159	801
Bachelor	4.0%	15.0%	202	842
Associate	4.0%	26.0%	119	866
High school	5.0%	26.0%	131	635
Less than high school	18.0%	43.0%	104	252
SOURCE: SSA Office of Research, Evaluation, and Statistics, MINT 8.19 Run ID: SB 03/16/2022
NOTES: Start date = 2022. Providing these estimates does not imply SSA support for the proposal, nor is SSA responsible for any interpretations of these estimates.

Projected Annual Household Income Distribution in 2022
POPULATION: Current-law payroll taxpayers aged 31 or older (characteristics)
Characteristic	Household income (2022 $) at the—
Characteristic	10th percentile	Median	90th percentile
	All taxpayers
Total	$27,876	$103,020	$289,944
Sex
Female	$24,924	$98,124	$279,360
Male	$30,660	$106,980	$299,268
Race/ethnicity
Hispanic or Latino, any race	$22,488	$79,596	$225,600
White, non-Hispanic	$33,420	$114,396	$307,608
Black or African American, non-Hispanic	$16,884	$74,808	$219,420
All other races, non-Hispanic	$25,764	$118,992	$381,036
Country of birth
United States	$29,232	$105,780	$289,428
Other countries	$23,112	$90,108	$293,940
Age
31–39	$20,088	$83,052	$223,920
40–49	$25,896	$99,828	$281,700
50–59	$32,772	$116,124	$312,432
60–69	$36,216	$112,248	$317,928
70 or older	$50,052	$147,804	$440,892
Marital status
Married	$40,644	$125,796	$328,368
Divorced	$19,380	$72,984	$209,232
Widowed	$31,296	$85,248	$245,328
Never married	$14,640	$65,772	$202,944
Highest education level
Graduate	$52,800	$170,616	$463,248
Bachelor	$44,052	$144,576	$368,160
Associate	$28,200	$96,324	$236,064
High school	$22,452	$81,192	$202,968
Less than high school	$15,660	$62,412	$175,008
Current-law household income quintile
Highest	$216,492	$289,944	$559,320
Second highest	$132,384	$158,616	$193,080
Middle	$86,592	$103,020	$121,896
Second lowest	$49,812	$64,032	$78,876
Lowest	$7,740	$27,876	$42,708
Current-law payroll taxes quintile
Highest	$124,476	$220,548	$491,904
Second highest	$72,360	$118,704	$255,744
Middle	$45,348	$84,552	$207,408
Second lowest	$25,356	$62,256	$187,572
Lowest	$7,740	$44,916	$174,888
	Hispanic or Latino, any race
Subtotal	$22,488	$79,596	$225,600
Sex
Female	$19,848	$78,588	$221,088
Male	$24,720	$80,220	$230,340
Country of birth
United States	$23,928	$86,184	$241,752
Other countries	$20,964	$74,520	$212,748
Age
31–39	$18,588	$68,976	$196,488
40–49	$22,656	$80,532	$226,260
50–59	$27,480	$89,496	$245,268
60–69	$27,144	$84,036	$241,752
70 or older	$25,572	$83,472	$344,148
Marital status
Married	$27,924	$88,656	$238,848
Divorced	$14,472	$60,216	$188,124
Widowed	$23,376	$75,108	$306,492
Never married	$15,768	$65,784	$184,140
Highest education level
Graduate	$37,584	$118,452	$325,080
Bachelor	$27,180	$113,892	$322,248
Associate	$27,876	$86,280	$241,044
High school	$22,488	$78,336	$203,856
Less than high school	$18,732	$66,660	$184,728
Current-law household income quintile
Highest	$212,868	$269,196	$461,340
Second highest	$131,688	$157,404	$192,756
Middle	$86,088	$101,832	$121,992
Second lowest	$50,088	$63,384	$78,660
Lowest	$7,896	$27,744	$42,768
Current-law payroll taxes quintile
Highest	$123,768	$207,480	$419,904
Second highest	$67,944	$105,480	$224,184
Middle	$43,800	$77,580	$197,484
Second lowest	$24,396	$57,552	$166,524
Lowest	$6,792	$39,216	$145,716
	White, non-Hispanic
Subtotal	$33,420	$114,396	$307,608
Sex
Female	$30,708	$108,996	$295,140
Male	$36,132	$118,536	$318,408
Country of birth
United States	$34,056	$114,804	$305,268
Other countries	$26,796	$107,544	$347,412
Age
31–39	$24,492	$93,168	$232,764
40–49	$30,480	$110,712	$290,592
50–59	$38,040	$127,404	$325,680
60–69	$40,320	$119,688	$349,632
70 or older	$55,116	$154,200	$472,680
Marital status
Married	$49,116	$137,532	$348,420
Divorced	$20,832	$77,040	$213,528
Widowed	$34,092	$88,104	$241,356
Never married	$17,208	$69,684	$204,996
Highest education level
Graduate	$59,472	$175,584	$459,732
Bachelor	$50,700	$154,332	$383,040
Associate	$31,560	$103,560	$241,356
High school	$26,196	$86,928	$206,220
Less than high school	$15,312	$59,076	$165,300
Current-law household income quintile
Highest	$216,504	$291,492	$568,788
Second highest	$132,516	$158,808	$192,996
Middle	$86,712	$103,608	$121,896
Second lowest	$49,824	$64,836	$79,080
Lowest	$8,472	$28,632	$43,008
Current-law payroll taxes quintile
Highest	$125,088	$220,896	$494,244
Second highest	$74,448	$124,656	$267,756
Middle	$46,836	$90,816	$217,572
Second lowest	$26,652	$69,624	$196,224
Lowest	$9,468	$55,548	$196,656
	Black or African American, non-Hispanic
Subtotal	$16,884	$74,808	$219,420
Sex
Female	$15,540	$67,032	$203,352
Male	$18,852	$83,652	$237,216
Country of birth
United States	$16,392	$72,660	$210,888
Other countries	$19,788	$88,524	$256,740
Age
31–39	$11,484	$58,296	$177,720
40–49	$16,872	$77,100	$234,012
50–59	$20,904	$83,604	$236,064
60–69	$25,392	$89,820	$206,088
70 or older	$38,652	$113,016	$275,688
Marital status
Married	$33,780	$107,736	$267,336
Divorced	$14,472	$63,540	$160,128
Widowed	$24,288	$77,724	$217,404
Never married	$10,116	$52,044	$167,628
Highest education level
Graduate	$40,584	$148,236	$376,212
Bachelor	$27,936	$94,104	$267,180
Associate	$19,572	$71,472	$193,140
High school	$14,220	$61,596	$170,556
Less than high school	$9,132	$47,712	$173,556
Current-law household income quintile
Highest	$215,400	$272,556	$473,940
Second highest	$132,156	$155,412	$192,996
Middle	$86,472	$101,868	$121,320
Second lowest	$49,476	$62,292	$78,480
Lowest	$5,532	$25,752	$41,352
Current-law payroll taxes quintile
Highest	$119,052	$200,868	$401,124
Second highest	$68,592	$102,684	$207,504
Middle	$43,800	$71,616	$164,556
Second lowest	$23,496	$46,512	$159,840
Lowest	$3,876	$26,436	$122,268
	All other races, non-Hispanic
Subtotal	$25,764	$118,992	$381,036
Sex
Female	$22,188	$115,824	$380,976
Male	$28,932	$123,300	$383,040
Country of birth
United States	$26,160	$105,240	$309,300
Other countries	$25,668	$128,340	$413,292
Age
31–39	$15,852	$94,740	$291,192
40–49	$27,072	$128,136	$470,076
50–59	$30,840	$126,912	$385,440
60–69	$32,640	$121,524	$333,924
70 or older	$45,024	$159,840	$424,800
Marital status
Married	$32,676	$139,284	$433,956
Divorced	$21,864	$87,984	$268,020
Widowed	$22,008	$94,068	$272,136
Never married	$16,596	$87,576	$296,964
Highest education level
Graduate	$44,172	$196,812	$559,320
Bachelor	$32,376	$140,796	$362,568
Associate	$17,220	$83,400	$245,424
High school	$21,396	$80,604	$255,792
Less than high school	$12,348	$55,896	$173,136
Current-law household income quintile
Highest	$225,072	$316,212	$635,796
Second highest	$132,840	$161,280	$195,312
Middle	$86,880	$103,452	$122,748
Second lowest	$49,308	$63,420	$77,484
Lowest	$7,728	$26,700	$42,216
Current-law payroll taxes quintile
Highest	$130,320	$254,316	$584,952
Second highest	$68,760	$115,968	$288,276
Middle	$44,484	$83,040	$227,628
Second lowest	$24,144	$54,156	$196,764
Lowest	$7,416	$36,984	$191,880
SOURCE: SSA Office of Research, Evaluation, and Statistics, MINT 8.19 Run ID: SB 03/16/2022
NOTES: Start date = 2022. Providing these estimates does not imply SSA support for the proposal, nor is SSA responsible for any interpretations of these estimates.

Projected Annual Household Income Distribution in 2030
POPULATION: Current-law payroll taxpayers aged 31 or older (characteristics)
Characteristic	Household income (2022 $) at the—
Characteristic	10th percentile	Median	90th percentile
	All taxpayers
Total	$30,238	$111,988	$320,973
Sex
Female	$27,276	$107,561	$309,412
Male	$33,472	$115,927	$332,075
Race/ethnicity
Hispanic or Latino, any race	$24,188	$86,109	$248,380
White, non-Hispanic	$36,531	$125,582	$341,829
Black or African American, non-Hispanic	$22,058	$82,816	$254,703
All other races, non-Hispanic	$27,491	$132,228	$426,130
Country of birth
United States	$32,163	$114,862	$319,048
Other countries	$24,599	$100,329	$326,964
Age
31–39	$22,937	$93,156	$251,663
40–49	$26,837	$109,789	$315,012
50–59	$34,088	$118,898	$343,285
60–69	$38,994	$123,559	$349,070
70 or older	$55,452	$161,694	$447,836
Marital status
Married	$43,539	$137,584	$366,349
Divorced	$22,634	$82,122	$242,995
Widowed	$32,212	$98,433	$276,575
Never married	$17,542	$75,477	$233,134
Highest education level
Graduate	$55,393	$182,754	$489,420
Bachelor	$47,585	$160,325	$411,207
Associate	$31,674	$102,206	$257,556
High school	$24,276	$85,298	$225,638
Less than high school	$17,474	$71,186	$199,329
Current-law household income quintile
Highest	$239,779	$320,973	$649,550
Second highest	$145,617	$175,542	$214,858
Middle	$93,293	$111,988	$133,411
Second lowest	$54,553	$69,515	$84,966
Lowest	$8,571	$30,238	$46,812
Current-law payroll taxes quintile
Highest	$140,232	$248,047	$559,599
Second highest	$80,813	$131,309	$288,879
Middle	$51,543	$90,214	$225,110
Second lowest	$29,065	$67,267	$205,691
Lowest	$8,561	$46,001	$181,963
	Hispanic or Latino, any race
Subtotal	$24,188	$86,109	$248,380
Sex
Female	$21,139	$86,022	$246,777
Male	$26,846	$86,129	$249,992
Country of birth
United States	$26,035	$90,996	$262,062
Other countries	$21,735	$80,598	$234,346
Age
31–39	$19,927	$77,636	$214,897
40–49	$22,361	$84,585	$261,563
50–59	$27,257	$93,498	$267,877
60–69	$29,925	$87,605	$234,697
70 or older	$35,173	$108,988	$315,813
Marital status
Married	$29,798	$94,866	$263,655
Divorced	$18,178	$68,147	$220,947
Widowed	$25,840	$86,862	$276,584
Never married	$16,682	$69,525	$214,663
Highest education level
Graduate	$36,551	$118,565	$387,302
Bachelor	$29,329	$121,751	$320,240
Associate	$29,495	$90,693	$248,634
High school	$23,582	$83,070	$226,303
Less than high school	$20,044	$75,486	$206,473
Current-law household income quintile
Highest	$242,017	$305,424	$541,871
Second highest	$145,470	$173,978	$215,005
Middle	$92,911	$111,285	$132,981
Second lowest	$54,113	$68,489	$85,269
Lowest	$8,063	$29,768	$46,695
Current-law payroll taxes quintile
Highest	$136,919	$231,736	$472,337
Second highest	$78,575	$119,191	$250,266
Middle	$50,624	$84,683	$193,964
Second lowest	$28,283	$60,798	$182,148
Lowest	$7,476	$40,313	$162,671
	White, non-Hispanic
Subtotal	$36,531	$125,582	$341,829
Sex
Female	$32,964	$120,012	$326,358
Male	$40,362	$130,127	$354,905
Country of birth
United States	$37,401	$126,384	$339,698
Other countries	$28,557	$114,959	$375,565
Age
31–39	$27,491	$102,548	$259,521
40–49	$32,622	$123,071	$331,626
50–59	$39,620	$134,329	$361,941
60–69	$44,868	$134,583	$373,337
70 or older	$60,338	$172,756	$477,594
Marital status
Married	$52,774	$151,276	$386,853
Divorced	$24,804	$86,921	$244,402
Widowed	$37,391	$103,105	$275,588
Never married	$19,262	$80,128	$236,388
Highest education level
Graduate	$62,703	$189,077	$490,143
Bachelor	$57,338	$173,734	$429,414
Associate	$35,065	$109,535	$263,625
High school	$27,384	$90,361	$225,257
Less than high school	$16,174	$66,143	$181,230
Current-law household income quintile
Highest	$239,252	$323,885	$656,938
Second highest	$145,627	$175,855	$214,985
Middle	$93,410	$112,399	$133,674
Second lowest	$54,797	$70,062	$85,122
Lowest	$9,089	$31,293	$47,282
Current-law payroll taxes quintile
Highest	$142,069	$249,865	$568,649
Second highest	$82,660	$138,600	$302,453
Middle	$52,823	$96,742	$237,453
Second lowest	$30,550	$75,564	$219,295
Lowest	$9,890	$56,067	$195,782
	Black or African American, non-Hispanic
Subtotal	$22,058	$82,816	$254,703
Sex
Female	$21,676	$78,389	$231,814

Research, Statistics & Policy Analysis

Projected Profile of Taxpayers by Race & Ethnicity