SSI Annual Statistical Report, 2024

Recipients Who Work

Table 40. Blind and disabled recipients who work, selected months 1976–2024
Month All blind and disabled recipients a Blind and disabled recipients who work
Total Receiving SSI b Section 1619(b) participants Total as a percentage of all blind and disabled recipients
December  
1976 2,088,242 70,719 70,719 . . . 3.4
1977 2,186,771 83,697 83,697 . . . 3.8
1978 2,249,025 87,697 87,697 . . . 3.9
1979 2,277,859 92,270 92,270 . . . 4.1
1980 2,334,241 99,276 99,276 . . . 4.3
1981 2,340,785 102,632 102,632 . . . 4.4
1982 2,314,364 107,803 102,288 5,515 4.7
1983 2,391,262 113,899 108,734 5,165 4.8
1984 2,499,046 -- -- -- --
1985 2,633,552 -- -- -- --
1986 2,795,756 -- -- -- --
1987 2,945,244 172,855 157,223 15,632 5.9
1988 3,046,074 189,144 173,519 15,625 6.2
1989 3,172,270 205,837 187,583 18,254 6.5
1990 3,386,603 219,932 196,415 23,517 6.5
1991 3,681,050 229,619 202,355 27,264 6.2
1992 4,126,816 248,917 217,268 31,649 6.0
1993 4,544,777 265,649 230,350 35,299 5.8
1994 4,870,564 282,476 241,793 40,683 5.8
1995 5,115,014 298,635 251,633 47,002 5.8
1996 5,252,991 308,300 256,395 51,905 5.9
1997 5,189,724 319,855 262,766 57,089 6.2
1998 5,293,829 326,475 266,933 59,542 6.2
1999 5,317,861 340,618 271,353 69,265 6.4
2000 5,395,935 360,427 276,855 83,572 6.7
2001 5,500,481 346,110 269,655 76,455 6.3
2002 5,618,506 340,910 258,733 82,177 6.1
2003 5,740,683 323,682 252,585 71,097 5.6
2004 5,850,359 328,204 254,523 73,681 5.6
2005 5,977,788 336,570 258,365 78,205 5.6
2006 6,113,277 349,420 260,070 89,350 5.7
2007 6,252,564 357,344 259,793 97,551 5.7
2008 6,416,726 355,761 256,280 99,481 5.5
2009 6,582,261 340,175 248,641 91,534 5.2
2010 6,801,164 318,537 245,786 72,751 4.7
2011 6,996,435 312,779 247,011 65,768 4.5
2012 7,174,617 313,655 245,728 67,927 4.4
2013 7,274,177 312,068 244,250 67,818 4.3
2014 7,253,997 314,912 244,679 70,233 4.3
2015 7,228,405 328,008 251,675 76,333 4.5
2016 7,167,151 336,837 256,258 80,579 4.7
2017 7,140,090 342,217 253,327 88,890 4.8
2018 7,054,273 342,046 247,338 94,708 4.8
2019 7,012,277 342,207 240,131 102,076 4.9
2020 6,916,899 292,246 198,951 93,295 4.2
2021 6,679,966 298,987 199,197 99,790 4.5
2022 6,517,646 325,058 211,534 113,524 5.0
2023 6,381,225 324,743 208,059 116,684 5.1
2024 6,348,220 300,215 185,191 115,024 4.7
2022  
March 6,643,235 302,127 196,776 105,351 4.5
June 6,602,735 311,585 200,328 111,257 4.7
September 6,555,413 320,429 206,020 114,409 4.9
December 6,517,646 325,058 211,534 113,524 5.0
2023  
March 6,481,359 323,525 209,314 114,211 5.0
June 6,443,702 326,107 209,274 116,833 5.1
September 6,415,520 328,543 208,600 119,943 5.1
December 6,381,225 324,743 208,059 116,684 5.1
2024  
March 6,353,357 317,443 202,729 114,714 5.0
June 6,338,581 312,080 196,792 115,288 4.9
September 6,362,610 308,150 190,575 117,575 4.8
December 6,348,220 300,215 185,191 115,024 4.7
SOURCE: Social Security Administration, Supplemental Security Record, 100 percent data.
NOTE: . . . = not applicable; -- = not available.
a. Includes section 1619(b) participants.
b. Includes section 1619(a) participants and SSI recipients earning less than the substantial gainful activity level ($1,550 effective January 2024).
CONTACT: statistics@ssa.gov.
Table 41. Blind and disabled recipients who work, by state or other area, December 2024
State or area All blind and disabled recipients Recipients who work
Number Percentage of all blind and disabled recipients
All areas 6,348,220 300,215 4.7
Alabama 135,043 4,437 3.3
Alaska 9,084 594 6.5
Arizona 95,647 4,424 4.6
Arkansas 92,681 3,704 4.0
California 777,532 28,149 3.6
Colorado 56,670 3,372 6.0
Connecticut 59,049 3,608 6.1
Delaware 15,223 843 5.5
District of Columbia 21,079 873 4.1
Florida 388,804 14,571 3.7
Georgia 218,014 8,461 3.9
Hawaii 16,053 674 4.2
Idaho 26,968 2,252 8.4
Illinois 214,587 11,208 5.2
Indiana 116,348 6,160 5.3
Iowa 47,422 4,315 9.1
Kansas 42,422 3,415 8.1
Kentucky 145,551 4,222 2.9
Louisiana 147,042 5,765 3.9
Maine 31,287 1,769 5.7
Maryland 100,347 5,429 5.4
Massachusetts 140,410 9,117 6.5
Michigan 232,115 12,198 5.3
Minnesota 80,104 7,860 9.8
Mississippi 98,754 2,763 2.8
Missouri 122,563 6,711 5.5
Montana 14,474 1,428 9.9
Nebraska 26,171 2,131 8.1
Nevada 37,652 1,994 5.3
New Hampshire 15,437 1,334 8.6
New Jersey 130,934 6,037 4.6
New Mexico 48,671 1,800 3.7
New York 454,246 17,120 3.8
North Carolina 202,235 8,367 4.1
North Dakota 7,680 853 11.1
Ohio 276,207 16,412 5.9
Oklahoma 87,802 3,996 4.6
Oregon 73,574 4,203 5.7
Pennsylvania 304,718 16,110 5.3
Rhode Island 27,568 1,355 4.9
South Carolina 97,308 4,523 4.6
South Dakota 12,615 1,210 9.6
Tennessee 151,692 5,039 3.3
Texas 483,642 21,311 4.4
Utah 27,920 2,579 9.2
Vermont 13,031 1,010 7.8
Virginia 133,056 6,464 4.9
Washington 118,477 6,743 5.7
West Virginia 60,736 1,789 2.9
Wisconsin 104,210 8,906 8.5
Wyoming 6,461 574 8.9
Outlying area  
Northern Mariana Islands 904 33 3.7
SOURCE: Social Security Administration, Supplemental Security Record, 100 percent data.
NOTE: Includes section 1619(b) participants.
CONTACT: statistics@ssa.gov.
Table 42. Percentage distribution of all blind and disabled recipients and those who work aged 18–64, by diagnostic group, December 2024
Diagnostic group All blind and disabled recipients Recipients who work a
Total  
Number 3,951,866 281,399
Percent 100.0 100.0
Congenital anomalies 1.7 2.5
Endocrine, nutritional, and metabolic diseases 1.6 0.9
Infectious and parasitic diseases 0.8 0.6
Injuries 2.3 1.4
Mental disorders  
Autism spectrum disorders 6.4 11.7
Developmental disorders 1.1 2.2
Childhood and adolescent disorders not elsewhere classified 0.2 0.5
Intellectual disorders 19.7 29.3
Depressive, bipolar, and related disorders 12.8 10.4
Neurocognitive disorders 2.9 3.1
Schizophrenia spectrum and other psychotic disorders 8.5 5.5
Other mental disorders 7.4 9.5
Neoplasms 1.2 1.1
Diseases of the—  
Blood and blood-forming organs 0.4 0.6
Circulatory system 3.9 1.4
Digestive system 0.8 0.6
Genitourinary system 1.1 0.9
Musculoskeletal system and connective tissue 14.7 6.7
Nervous system and sense organs b 8.7 8.7
Respiratory system 1.8 0.8
Skin and subcutaneous tissue 0.2 0.2
Other 0.3 0.3
Unknown 1.4 1.2
SOURCE: Social Security Administration, Supplemental Security Record, 100 percent data.
a. Includes section 1619(b) participants.
b. Most disabled recipients classified as blind are included in this category. A few blind recipients with a primary impairment other than diseases of the eye are coded in other categories. Also, a few recipients are classified with diseases of the eye, but their impairment does not meet the definition of blindness.
CONTACT: statistics@ssa.gov.
Table 43. All blind and disabled recipients, those who work, and section 1619(b) participants aged 18–64, by age, December 2024
Age All blind and disabled recipients a Recipients who work a Section 1619(b) participants
Number Percent Number Percentage of all blind and disabled recipients Number Percentage of all blind and disabled recipients
Total 4,058,901 100.0 281,399 6.9 107,035 2.6
18–21 298,533 7.4 28,418 9.5 5,369 1.8
22–25 287,953 7.1 39,552 13.7 12,792 4.4
26–29 271,613 6.7 37,611 13.8 14,375 5.3
30–39 706,355 17.4 79,391 11.2 32,928 4.7
40–49 655,052 16.1 42,127 6.4 18,061 2.8
50–59 1,051,558 25.9 35,556 3.4 15,178 1.4
60–64 787,837 19.4 18,744 2.4 8,332 1.1
SOURCE: Social Security Administration, Supplemental Security Record, 100 percent data.
a. Includes section 1619(b) participants.
CONTACT: statistics@ssa.gov.
Table 44. Blind and disabled recipients in December 2023, by program status and earnings in December 2024
Program status in December 2023 Total Receiving payments in December 2024 Not receiving payments in December 2024
Ineligible because of earned income Other excess income Other nonpay
Section 1619(b) Reasons no longer eligible
Section 1619(a) Have earnings No earnings Do not need or use Medicaid Can pay for equivalent coverage Both
All blind and disabled recipients 6,338,083 10,882 162,942 5,507,091 117,976 457 320 210 143,073 395,132
Receiving payments  
Section 1619(a) 12,566 3,152 2,337 2,407 2,765 6 6 6 406 1,481
Have earnings 196,570 2,557 113,633 41,897 12,092 30 13 10 7,393 18,945
No earnings 6,004,410 3,690 41,966 5,448,117 25,865 69 41 23 125,382 359,257
Not receiving payments  
Section 1619(b) 124,537 1,483 5,006 14,670 77,254 352 260 171 9,892 15,449
SOURCE: Social Security Administration, Supplemental Security Record, 100 percent data.
CONTACT: statistics@ssa.gov.
Table 45. Blind and disabled recipients who work, by state or other area, December 2024
State or area Total Section 1619(a) participants Section 1619(b) participants Other blind and disabled recipients who work
Number Percentage of total Number Percentage of total Number Percentage of total
All areas 300,215 11,388 3.8 115,024 38.3 173,803 57.9
Alabama 4,437 143 3.2 1,924 43.4 2,370 53.4
Alaska 594 13 2.2 274 46.1 307 51.7
Arizona 4,424 175 4.0 1,892 42.8 2,357 53.3
Arkansas 3,704 101 2.7 1,244 33.6 2,359 63.7
California 28,149 2,012 7.1 10,469 37.2 15,668 55.7
Colorado 3,372 91 2.7 1,270 37.7 2,011 59.6
Connecticut 3,608 98 2.7 1,285 35.6 2,225 61.7
Delaware 843 44 5.2 309 36.7 490 58.1
District of Columbia 873 38 4.4 485 55.6 350 40.1
Florida 14,571 620 4.3 6,003 41.2 7,948 54.5
Georgia 8,461 343 4.1 3,638 43.0 4,480 52.9
Hawaii 674 21 3.1 330 49.0 323 47.9
Idaho 2,252 83 3.7 866 38.5 1,303 57.9
Illinois 11,208 412 3.7 4,074 36.3 6,722 60.0
Indiana 6,160 211 3.4 2,336 37.9 3,613 58.7
Iowa 4,315 96 2.2 1,427 33.1 2,792 64.7
Kansas 3,415 80 2.3 924 27.1 2,411 70.6
Kentucky 4,222 139 3.3 1,509 35.7 2,574 61.0
Louisiana 5,765 245 4.2 2,124 36.8 3,396 58.9
Maine 1,769 58 3.3 782 44.2 929 52.5
Maryland 5,429 254 4.7 2,463 45.4 2,712 50.0
Massachusetts 9,117 279 3.1 3,848 42.2 4,990 54.7
Michigan 12,198 440 3.6 4,781 39.2 6,977 57.2
Minnesota 7,860 211 2.7 2,570 32.7 5,079 64.6
Mississippi 2,763 129 4.7 1,065 38.5 1,569 56.8
Missouri 6,711 187 2.8 2,529 37.7 3,995 59.5
Montana 1,428 38 2.7 426 29.8 964 67.5
Nebraska 2,131 52 2.4 649 30.5 1,430 67.1
Nevada 1,994 89 4.5 783 39.3 1,122 56.3
New Hampshire 1,334 39 2.9 550 41.2 745 55.8
New Jersey 6,037 214 3.5 2,228 36.9 3,595 59.5
New Mexico 1,800 92 5.1 673 37.4 1,035 57.5
New York 17,120 732 4.3 7,798 45.5 8,590 50.2
North Carolina 8,367 231 2.8 2,959 35.4 5,177 61.9
North Dakota 853 6 0.7 215 25.2 632 74.1
Ohio 16,412 470 2.9 5,795 35.3 10,147 61.8
Oklahoma 3,996 119 3.0 1,358 34.0 2,519 63.0
Oregon 4,203 164 3.9 1,737 41.3 2,302 54.8
Pennsylvania 16,110 586 3.6 6,166 38.3 9,358 58.1
Rhode Island 1,355 51 3.8 531 39.2 773 57.0
South Carolina 4,523 135 3.0 1,550 34.3 2,838 62.7
South Dakota 1,210 31 2.6 395 32.6 784 64.8
Tennessee 5,039 167 3.3 2,197 43.6 2,675 53.1
Texas 21,311 798 3.7 8,092 38.0 12,421 58.3
Utah 2,579 44 1.7 772 29.9 1,763 68.4
Vermont 1,010 31 3.1 351 34.8 628 62.2
Virginia 6,464 234 3.6 2,579 39.9 3,651 56.5
Washington 6,743 231 3.4 3,016 44.7 3,496 51.8
West Virginia 1,789 69 3.9 751 42.0 969 54.2
Wisconsin 8,906 224 2.5 2,863 32.1 5,819 65.3
Wyoming 574 15 2.6 158 27.5 401 69.9
Outlying area  
Northern Mariana Islands 33 3 9.1 11 33.3 19 57.6
SOURCE: Social Security Administration, Supplemental Security Record, 100 percent data.
CONTACT: statistics@ssa.gov.
Table 46. Blind and disabled recipients who work and their average earnings, by selected characteristics, December 2024
Characteristic Number Percent Average earnings (dollars)
Total 300,215 100.0 1,376
Age  
Under 18 2,924 1.0 1,065
18–21 28,418 9.5 1,196
22–25 39,552 13.2 1,277
26–29 37,611 12.5 1,361
30–39 79,391 26.4 1,460
40–49 42,127 14.0 1,496
50–59 35,556 11.8 1,485
60–64 18,744 6.2 1,349
65 or older 15,892 5.3 1,090
Sex  
Male 168,950 56.3 1,393
Female 131,265 43.7 1,354
Earned income a  
Wages 277,528 92.4 1,444
Self-employment income 24,735 8.2 686
Earnings (dollars)  
65 or less 22,295 7.4 38
66–99 6,633 2.2 82
100–199 18,753 6.2 143
200–299 17,072 5.7 240
300–399 15,385 5.1 339
400–499 14,063 4.7 438
500–599 14,450 4.8 534
600–699 12,603 4.2 636
700–799 11,450 3.8 740
800–899 11,347 3.8 835
900–999 9,511 3.2 938
1,000–1,099 11,219 3.7 1,030
1,100–1,199 7,220 2.4 1,139
1,200–1,299 9,524 3.2 1,232
1,300–1,399 6,851 2.3 1,339
1,400–1,499 6,053 2.0 1,436
1,500–1,599 7,564 2.5 1,527
1,600–1,699 5,652 1.9 1,636
1,700–1,799 4,711 1.6 1,739
1,800–1,899 5,349 1.8 1,831
1,900–1,999 4,239 1.4 1,941
2,000 or more 78,271 26.1 3,252
Unearned income a  
None 191,093 63.7 1,591
Social Security benefits 88,869 29.6 863
Pensions 1,942 0.6 1,165
Income based on need 227 0.1 1,509
Asset income 1,079 0.4 1,196
Other 21,552 7.2 1,519
Work incentives a  
Section 1619(a) 11,388 3.8 1,875
Section 1619(b) 115,024 38.3 2,471
Plan to achieve self-support (PASS) b 92 (L) 1,321
Impairment-related work expenses (IRWE) 1,526 0.5 1,297
Blind work expenses (BWE) 486 0.2 2,016
SOURCE: Social Security Administration, Supplemental Security Record, 100 percent data.
NOTES: Includes section 1619(b) participants.
(L) = less than 0.05 percent.
a. The sum of the entries may be greater than the total because some recipients may receive more than one type of earned or unearned income or both earned and unearned income, or they may benefit from more than one work incentive provision.
b. Number of working recipients with a PASS. See Tables 53–56 for statistics on all recipients with a PASS.
CONTACT: statistics@ssa.gov.
Table 47. Number of section 1619 participants and percentage change from prior period, selected months 1982–2024
Month Section 1619(a) participants Section 1619(b) participants a
Number Percentage change from prior period Number Percentage change from prior period
December  
1982 287 . . . 5,515 . . .
1983 392 36.6 5,165 -6.3
1984 -- -- -- --
1985 -- -- -- --
1986 -- -- -- --
1987 14,559 . . . 15,632 . . .
1988 19,920 36.8 15,625 b
1989 25,655 28.8 18,254 16.8
1990 13,994 -45.5 23,517 28.8
1991 15,531 11.0 27,264 15.9
1992 17,603 13.3 31,649 16.1
1993 20,028 13.8 35,299 11.5
1994 24,315 21.4 40,683 15.3
1995 28,060 15.4 47,002 15.5
1996 31,085 10.8 51,905 10.4
1997 34,673 11.5 57,089 10.0
1998 37,271 7.5 59,542 4.3
1999 25,528 -31.5 69,265 16.3
2000 27,542 7.9 83,572 20.7
2001 22,100 -19.8 76,455 -8.5
2002 17,271 -21.9 82,177 7.5
2003 17,132 -0.8 71,097 -13.5
2004 17,114 -0.1 73,681 3.6
2005 17,621 3.0 78,205 6.1
2006 17,394 -1.3 89,350 14.3
2007 16,939 -2.6 97,551 9.2
2008 16,142 -4.7 99,481 2.0
2009 11,900 -26.3 91,534 -8.0
2010 11,305 -5.0 72,751 -20.5
2011 11,763 4.1 65,768 -9.6
2012 11,813 0.4 67,927 3.3
2013 12,054 2.0 67,818 -0.2
2014 12,757 5.8 70,233 3.6
2015 13,098 2.7 76,333 8.7
2016 13,480 2.9 80,579 5.6
2017 15,210 12.8 88,890 10.3
2018 14,443 -5.0 94,708 6.5
2019 14,368 -0.5 102,076 7.8
2020 11,049 -23.1 93,295 -8.6
2021 13,020 17.8 99,790 7.0
2022 13,820 6.1 113,524 13.8
2023 12,409 -10.2 116,684 2.8
2024 11,388 -8.2 115,024 -1.4
2022  
March 14,104 8.3 105,351 5.6
June 14,979 6.2 111,257 5.6
September 14,993 0.1 114,409 2.8
December 13,820 -7.8 113,524 -0.8
2023  
March 14,471 4.7 114,211 0.6
June 14,857 2.7 116,833 2.3
September 15,297 3.0 119,943 2.7
December 12,409 -18.9 116,684 -2.7
2024  
March 12,240 -1.4 114,714 -1.7
June 12,435 1.6 115,288 0.5
September 12,588 1.2 117,575 2.0
December 11,388 -9.5 115,024 -2.2
SOURCE: Social Security Administration, Supplemental Security Record, 100 percent data.
NOTES: When the substantial gainful activity (SGA) level is periodically raised, SSI recipients with earnings below the increased SGA level become eligible for regular SSI benefits rather than the special cash payments under section 1619(a). This can lead to decreases in the number of 1619(a) participants.
. . . = not applicable; -- = not available.
a. Includes blind participants. Of the 115,024 participants in December 2024, 1,711 were blind.
b. Between zero and -0.05 percent.
CONTACT: statistics@ssa.gov.
Table 48. Ranking of state or other area, by section 1619 participants as a percentage of all blind and disabled recipients in state aged 18–64, December 2024
State or area Ranking All blind and disabled recipients a Section 1619 participants
Number Percent
All areas   4,058,901 118,149 2.91
Minnesota 1 54,354 2,618 4.82
New Hampshire 2 12,018 578 4.81
South Dakota 3 8,617 408 4.73
Idaho 4 19,713 907 4.60
Massachusetts 5 89,343 3,931 4.40
Iowa 6 33,438 1,458 4.36
Montana 7 10,149 430 4.24
Wisconsin 8 70,195 2,940 4.19
Alaska 9 6,591 273 4.14
North Dakota 10 5,424 216 3.98
Maryland 11 66,446 2,571 3.87
Utah 12 20,591 788 3.83
Vermont 13 9,726 367 3.77
Washington 14 81,236 3,056 3.76
District of Columbia 15 12,941 480 3.71
Nebraska 16 18,514 664 3.59
Oregon 17 51,814 1,807 3.49
Maine 18 23,304 808 3.47
Wyoming 19 4,893 169 3.45
Connecticut 20 38,457 1,305 3.39
Delaware 21 9,880 333 3.37
Pennsylvania 22 192,099 6,340 3.30
Colorado 23 39,176 1,287 3.29
Kansas 24 29,245 948 3.24
Ohio 25 185,693 5,824 3.14
Michigan 26 156,320 4,857 3.11
Arizona 27 62,643 1,934 3.09
New York 28 263,129 7,995 3.04
Hawaii 29 10,739 326 3.04
Rhode Island 30 18,591 564 3.03
Illinois 31 138,132 4,156 3.01
Missouri 32 85,242 2,563 3.01
Indiana 33 81,546 2,402 2.95
Virginia 34 90,903 2,656 2.92
Nevada 35 28,123 812 2.89
New Jersey 36 80,128 2,285 2.85
Texas 37 294,657 8,358 2.84
Florida 38 226,444 6,189 2.73
Georgia 39 136,719 3,704 2.71
California 40 449,586 11,090 2.47
South Carolina 41 63,905 1,571 2.46
Northern Mariana Islands 42 586 14 2.39
Louisiana 43 91,959 2,180 2.37
Oklahoma 44 61,401 1,395 2.27
New Mexico 45 31,616 713 2.26
North Carolina 46 135,110 2,997 2.22
Arkansas 47 58,484 1,265 2.16
Tennessee 48 102,742 2,214 2.15
Alabama 49 92,005 1,957 2.13
West Virginia 50 43,014 780 1.81
Mississippi 51 64,122 1,119 1.75
Kentucky 52 97,198 1,547 1.59
SOURCE: Social Security Administration, Supplemental Security Record, 100 percent data.
a. Includes section 1619(b) participants.
CONTACT: statistics@ssa.gov.
Table 49. Section 1619(a) participants and their average earnings, by state or other area, selected months 2023–2024
State or area December 2023 September 2024 December 2024
Number Average earnings (dollars) Number Average earnings (dollars) Number Average earnings (dollars)
All areas 12,409 1,796 12,588 1,794 11,388 1,875
Alabama 195 1,725 199 1,760 143 1,835
Alaska 16 1,726 17 1,792 13 1,896
Arizona 166 1,745 195 1,760 175 1,837
Arkansas 151 1,769 132 1,746 101 1,835
California 2,268 1,952 2,274 1,959 2,012 2,026
Colorado 103 1,751 130 1,750 91 1,811
Connecticut 127 1,741 103 1,747 98 1,836
Delaware 59 1,774 65 1,719 44 1,832
District of Columbia 44 1,803 55 1,780 38 1,834
Florida 693 1,756 675 1,752 620 1,834
Georgia 366 1,740 399 1,751 343 1,836
Hawaii 26 1,847 26 1,815 21 1,892
Idaho 71 1,752 77 1,807 83 1,852
Illinois 424 1,768 425 1,746 412 1,832
Indiana 226 1,769 231 1,753 211 1,838
Iowa 123 1,848 112 1,816 96 1,905
Kansas 92 1,818 86 1,770 80 1,879
Kentucky 142 1,772 141 1,759 139 1,856
Louisiana 247 1,730 267 1,734 245 1,829
Maine 69 1,780 62 1,765 58 1,899
Maryland 255 1,757 300 1,756 254 1,830
Massachusetts 302 1,790 314 1,766 279 1,854
Michigan 420 1,764 441 1,761 440 1,837
Minnesota 204 1,755 217 1,759 211 1,832
Mississippi 127 1,760 153 1,758 129 1,846
Missouri 178 1,749 192 1,754 187 1,843
Montana 34 1,762 46 1,756 38 1,864
Nebraska 59 1,774 62 1,760 52 1,844
Nevada 106 1,758 96 1,777 89 1,867
New Hampshire 41 1,785 31 1,761 39 1,840
New Jersey 214 1,796 225 1,807 214 1,871
New Mexico 83 1,736 98 1,761 92 1,859
New York 742 1,761 760 1,755 732 1,840
North Carolina 316 1,747 291 1,751 231 1,819
North Dakota 21 1,752 12 1,760 6 1,748
Ohio 494 1,755 520 1,750 470 1,844
Oklahoma 135 1,776 110 1,764 119 1,838
Oregon 161 1,766 183 1,757 164 1,856
Pennsylvania 596 1,758 599 1,759 586 1,853
Rhode Island 59 1,711 61 1,725 51 1,809
South Carolina 157 1,756 146 1,732 135 1,841
South Dakota 32 1,823 30 1,772 31 1,862
Tennessee 180 1,743 175 1,765 167 1,854
Texas 886 1,752 923 1,756 798 1,839
Utah 68 1,734 54 1,747 44 1,841
Vermont 46 1,842 41 1,819 31 1,896
Virginia 271 1,774 269 1,756 234 1,845
Washington 267 1,770 235 1,780 231 1,870
West Virginia 71 1,769 66 1,768 69 1,848
Wisconsin 262 1,765 258 1,753 224 1,840
Wyoming 11 1,759 (X) (X) 15 1,790
Outlying area  
Northern Mariana Islands 3 1,580 (X) (X) 3 1,844
SOURCE: Social Security Administration, Supplemental Security Record, 100 percent data.
NOTE: (X) = suppressed to avoid disclosing information about particular individuals.
CONTACT: statistics@ssa.gov.
Table 50. Section 1619(b) participants and their average earnings, by state or other area, selected months 2023–2024
State or area December 2023 September 2024 December 2024
Number Average earnings (dollars) Number Average earnings (dollars) Number Average earnings (dollars)
All areas 116,684 2,288 117,575 2,372 115,024 2,471
Alabama 1,799 2,275 1,922 2,358 1,924 2,449
Alaska a 251 2,390 259 2,592 274 2,574
Arizona 1,972 2,353 2,021 2,462 1,892 2,556
Arkansas 1,298 2,138 1,277 2,250 1,244 2,362
California 11,021 2,722 10,575 2,832 10,469 2,893
Colorado 1,260 2,225 1,310 2,292 1,270 2,409
Connecticut a 1,307 2,231 1,320 2,341 1,285 2,432
Delaware 323 2,439 321 2,498 309 2,660
District of Columbia 444 2,716 483 2,877 485 2,953
Florida 6,116 2,229 6,136 2,331 6,003 2,416
Georgia 3,632 2,285 3,680 2,396 3,638 2,512
Hawaii a 291 2,516 328 2,618 330 2,734
Idaho a 890 2,073 926 2,190 866 2,247
Illinois a 3,988 2,327 4,138 2,395 4,074 2,470
Indiana a 2,381 2,108 2,380 2,188 2,336 2,277
Iowa 1,441 1,887 1,460 1,928 1,427 2,024
Kansas a 925 1,875 953 1,912 924 2,071
Kentucky 1,576 2,249 1,562 2,318 1,509 2,468
Louisiana 2,032 2,096 2,097 2,177 2,124 2,263
Maine 799 2,272 827 2,368 782 2,512
Maryland 2,388 2,474 2,540 2,599 2,463 2,744
Massachusetts 3,926 2,438 4,003 2,567 3,848 2,627
Michigan 4,998 2,238 4,936 2,318 4,781 2,410
Minnesota a 2,586 2,096 2,583 2,169 2,570 2,260
Mississippi 1,048 2,308 1,091 2,425 1,065 2,542
Missouri a 2,615 1,911 2,621 1,978 2,529 2,038
Montana 448 2,053 465 2,040 426 2,085
Nebraska a 682 1,904 649 1,969 649 2,091
Nevada a 755 2,457 826 2,613 783 2,675
New Hampshire a 613 2,164 574 2,222 550 2,360
New Jersey 2,270 2,302 2,297 2,348 2,228 2,467
New Mexico 663 2,176 731 2,249 673 2,390
New York 7,870 2,492 7,927 2,585 7,798 2,700
North Carolina 3,242 2,121 3,069 2,212 2,959 2,364
North Dakota a 267 1,845 240 1,793 215 1,886
Ohio a 5,997 2,111 5,996 2,162 5,795 2,267
Oklahoma a 1,350 1,840 1,395 1,887 1,358 1,984
Oregon a 1,804 2,277 1,838 2,358 1,737 2,409
Pennsylvania 6,056 2,360 6,160 2,455 6,166 2,609
Rhode Island 538 2,233 536 2,453 531 2,517
South Carolina 1,599 2,199 1,621 2,307 1,550 2,437
South Dakota 392 1,831 396 1,877 395 1,993
Tennessee 2,189 2,200 2,242 2,271 2,197 2,376
Texas 7,980 2,270 8,201 2,355 8,092 2,431
Utah a 849 2,032 811 2,009 772 2,067
Vermont 377 1,989 339 2,051 351 2,116
Virginia a 2,584 2,213 2,576 2,241 2,579 2,359
Washington 3,073 2,524 3,120 2,591 3,016 2,680
West Virginia 725 2,271 752 2,353 751 2,445
Wisconsin 2,885 2,029 2,887 2,083 2,863 2,179
Wyoming 156 1,928 (X) (X) 158 2,039
Outlying area  
Northern Mariana Islands 13 2,551 (X) (X) 11 2,633
SOURCE: Social Security Administration, Supplemental Security Record, 100 percent data.
NOTE: (X) = suppressed to avoid disclosing information about particular individuals.
a. The Social Security Administration identifies persons as potential participants; the state makes final Medicaid determinations.
CONTACT: statistics@ssa.gov.
Table 51. Section 1619 participants and their average earnings, by selected characteristics, December 2024
Characteristic Section 1619(a) participants Section 1619(b) participants
Number Percent Average earnings (dollars) Number Percent Average earnings (dollars)
All participants 11,388 100.0 1,875 115,024 100.0 2,471
Age  
Under 18 103 0.9 1,883 504 0.4 --
18–21 1,266 11.1 1,935 5,369 4.7 2,540
22–25 1,548 13.6 1,844 12,792 11.1 2,406
26–29 1,357 11.9 1,853 14,375 12.5 2,464
30–39 3,132 27.5 1,873 32,928 28.6 2,559
40–49 1,815 15.9 1,870 18,061 15.7 2,564
50–59 1,461 12.8 1,875 15,178 13.2 2,559
60–64 535 4.7 1,894 8,332 7.2 2,310
65 or older 171 1.5 1,947 7,485 6.5 1,899
Sex  
Male 6,127 53.8 1,886 64,878 56.4 2,529
Female 5,261 46.2 1,863 50,146 43.6 2,396
Earned income a  
Wages 11,147 97.9 1,877 111,898 97.3 2,501
Self-employment income 351 3.1 1,814 4,366 3.8 1,852
Earnings (dollars)  
Less than 400 . . . . . . . . . 3,118 2.7 267
400–499 . . . . . . . . . 1,825 1.6 441
500–599 . . . . . . . . . 2,409 2.1 538
600–699 . . . . . . . . . 2,670 2.3 640
700–799 . . . . . . . . . 2,985 2.6 740
800–899 . . . . . . . . . 3,155 2.7 836
900–999 . . . . . . . . . 2,840 2.5 938
1,000–1,099 . . . . . . . . . 3,355 2.9 1,030
1,100–1,199 . . . . . . . . . 2,308 2.0 1,139
1,200–1,299 . . . . . . . . . 2,945 2.6 1,233
1,300–1,399 . . . . . . . . . 2,223 1.9 1,340
1,400–1,499 . . . . . . . . . 2,195 1.9 1,436
1,500–1,599 . . . . . . . . . 2,831 2.5 1,527
1,600–1,699 1,807 15.9 1,659 2,072 1.8 1,637
1,700–1,799 2,475 21.7 1,738 1,875 1.6 1,740
1,800–1,899 2,774 24.4 1,831 2,195 1.9 1,832
1,900–1,999 1,968 17.3 1,938 2,003 1.7 1,944
2,000 or more 2,364 20.8 2,186 72,020 62.6 3,295
Unearned income a  
None 10,855 95.3 1,874 63,684 55.4 3,148
Social Security benefits 132 1.2 1,954 43,219 37.6 1,404
Pensions 14 0.1 1,887 769 0.7 2,184
Income based on need 3 (L) 1,964 86 0.1 2,505
Asset income 33 0.3 1,902 369 0.3 2,445
Other 360 3.2 1,889 9,335 8.1 2,546
Work incentives a  
Plan to achieve self-support (PASS) b 28 0.2 2,791 0 0.0 . . .
Impairment-related work expenses (IRWE) 103 0.9 2,040 514 0.4 2,361
Blind work expenses (BWE) 0 0.0 . . . 187 0.2 3,127
SOURCE: Social Security Administration, Supplemental Security Record, 100 percent data.
NOTE: -- = not available; . . . = not applicable; (L) = less than 0.05 percent.
a. The sum of the entries may be greater than the total because some recipients may receive more than one type of earned or unearned income or both earned and unearned income, or they may benefit from more than one work incentive provision.
b. Includes persons with a PASS that excludes only resources.
CONTACT: statistics@ssa.gov.
Table 52. Percentage distribution of section 1619 participants aged 18–64, by diagnostic group, December 2024
Diagnostic group All blind and disabled recipients Section 1619(a) participants Section 1619(b) participants
Total  
Number 3,951,866 11,114 107,035
Percent 100.0 100.0 100.0
Congenital anomalies 1.7 0.8 1.1
Endocrine, nutritional, and metabolic diseases 1.6 1.0 1.1
Infectious and parasitic diseases 0.8 0.8 0.9
Injuries 2.3 1.4 1.8
Mental disorders  
Autism spectrum disorders 6.4 9.8 8.3
Developmental disorders 1.1 2.7 2.0
Childhood and adolescent disorders not elsewhere classified 0.2 0.5 0.4
Intellectual disorders 19.7 26.1 24.0
Depressive, bipolar, and related disorders 12.8 13.0 12.9
Neurocognitive disorders 2.9 3.2 3.4
Schizophrenia spectrum and other psychotic disorders 8.5 6.6 6.0
Other mental disorders 7.4 11.8 10.0
Neoplasms 1.2 0.9 1.4
Diseases of the—  
Blood and blood-forming organs 0.4 1.0 0.9
Circulatory system 3.9 1.4 1.8
Digestive system 0.8 0.4 0.8
Genitourinary system 1.1 1.0 1.3
Musculoskeletal system and connective tissue 14.7 6.8 8.6
Nervous system and sense organs a 8.7 8.0 10.5
Respiratory system 1.8 0.8 0.9
Skin and subcutaneous tissue 0.2 0.2 0.3
Other 0.3 0.5 0.4
Unknown 1.4 1.3 1.4
SOURCE: Social Security Administration, Supplemental Security Record, 100 percent data.
a. Most disabled recipients classified as blind are included in this category. A few blind recipients with a primary impairment other than diseases of the eye are coded in other categories. Also, a few recipients are classified with diseases of the eye, but their impairment does not meet the definition of blindness.
CONTACT: statistics@ssa.gov.
Table 53. Recipients benefiting from specified work incentives, by state or other area and provision, December 2024
State or area Plan to achieve self-support (PASS) a Impairment-related work expenses (IRWE) Blind work expenses (BWE)
All areas 240 1,526 486
Alabama (X) 34 5
Alaska 0 0 0
Arizona (X) 17 8
Arkansas 0 15 (X)
California 48 75 62
Colorado 0 7 7
Connecticut (X) 13 (X)
Delaware 0 (X) (X)
District of Columbia 0 (X) (X)
Florida 4 156 29
Georgia 4 86 8
Hawaii 3 7 (X)
Idaho 0 7 3
Illinois 7 50 16
Indiana (X) 33 12
Iowa 39 6 4
Kansas 10 55 5
Kentucky 4 20 13
Louisiana (X) 19 8
Maine 4 (X) 0
Maryland (X) 31 9
Massachusetts 14 44 23
Michigan (X) 50 16
Minnesota 4 16 7
Mississippi (X) 9 6
Missouri 19 32 9
Montana (X) 11 0
Nebraska (X) (X) (X)
Nevada (X) 10 3
New Hampshire (X) 4 (X)
New Jersey 9 40 8
New Mexico 0 (X) 3
New York 15 74 37
North Carolina 3 65 17
North Dakota 0 (X) (X)
Ohio 3 42 23
Oklahoma 0 18 (X)
Oregon 0 8 5
Pennsylvania (X) 49 14
Rhode Island 0 5 0
South Carolina 0 16 (X)
South Dakota 3 7 (X)
Tennessee (X) 24 14
Texas 8 227 51
Utah 0 11 4
Vermont (X) (X) 0
Virginia 3 58 7
Washington (X) 23 16
West Virginia 0 3 3
Wisconsin (X) 31 8
Wyoming 0 (X) 0
Outlying area  
Northern Mariana Islands 0 0 0
SOURCE: Social Security Administration, Supplemental Security Record, 100 percent data.
NOTE: (X) = suppressed to avoid disclosing information about particular individuals.
a. Includes 53 persons with a PASS that excludes only resources.
CONTACT: statistics@ssa.gov.
Table 54. Recipients benefiting from specified work incentives, by selected characteristics and provision, December 2024
Characteristic Plan to achieve self-support (PASS) a Impairment-related work expenses (IRWE) Blind work expenses (BWE)
Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent
Total 240 100.0 1,526 100.0 486 100.0
Age  
Under 18 0 0.0 3 0.2 0 0.0
18–21 8 3.3 98 6.4 17 3.5
22–25 28 11.7 261 17.1 55 11.3
26–29 24 10.0 300 19.7 68 14.0
30–39 57 23.8 445 29.2 149 30.7
40–49 40 16.7 157 10.3 97 20.0
50–59 54 22.5 137 9.0 62 12.8
60–64 22 9.2 81 5.3 20 4.1
65 or older 7 2.9 44 2.9 18 3.7
Sex  
Male 115 47.9 918 60.2 255 52.5
Female 125 52.1 608 39.8 231 47.5
Earned income b  
Wages 82 34.2 1,460 95.7 471 96.9
Self-employment income 20 8.3 76 5.0 25 5.1
Earnings (dollars)  
None 139 57.9 0 0.0 0 0.0
65 or less 4 1.7 115 7.5 16 3.3
66–99 (X) (X) 25 1.6 9 1.9
100–199 4 1.7 67 4.4 16 3.3
200–299 7 2.9 87 5.7 16 3.3
300–399 5 2.1 80 5.2 16 3.3
400–499 5 2.1 94 6.2 10 2.1
500–599 7 2.9 69 4.5 19 3.9
600–699 5 2.1 79 5.2 20 4.1
700–799 5 2.1 74 4.8 11 2.3
800–899 5 2.1 70 4.6 15 3.1
900–999 (X) (X) 55 3.6 7 1.4
1,000–1,099 7 2.9 62 4.1 21 4.3
1,100–1,199 5 2.1 45 2.9 11 2.3
1,200–1,299 4 1.7 46 3.0 15 3.1
1,300–1,399 3 1.3 48 3.1 9 1.9
1,400–1,499 (X) (X) 39 2.6 11 2.3
1,500–1,599 3 1.3 49 3.2 16 3.3
1,600–1,699 0 0.0 33 2.2 6 1.2
1,700–1,799 3 1.3 16 1.0 20 4.1
1,800–1,899 (X) (X) 24 1.6 6 1.2
1,900–1,999 (X) (X) 24 1.6 10 2.1
2,000 or more 23 9.6 325 21.3 206 42.4
Unearned income b  
None 83 34.6 921 60.4 311 64.0
Social Security benefits 146 60.8 510 33.4 150 30.9
Pensions 6 2.5 10 0.7 3 0.6
Income based on need 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0
Asset income (X) (X) 12 0.8 (X) (X)
Other 15 6.3 103 6.7 26 5.3
SOURCE: Social Security Administration, Supplemental Security Record, 100 percent data.
NOTE: (X) = suppressed to avoid disclosing information about particular individuals.
a. Includes 53 persons with a PASS that excludes only resources.
b. The sum of the entries may be greater than the total because some recipients may receive more than one type of earned or unearned income or both earned and unearned income.
CONTACT: statistics@ssa.gov.
Table 55. Percentage distribution of recipients benefiting from specified work incentives, by diagnostic group and provision, December 2024
Diagnostic group All blind and disabled recipients aged 18–64 Plan to achieve self-support (PASS) a Impairment-related work expenses (IRWE) Blind work expenses (BWE)
Total  
Number 3,951,866 240 1,526 486
Percent 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0
Congenital anomalies 1.7 (X) 4.1 (X)
Endocrine, nutritional, and metabolic diseases 1.6 (X) 0.7 (X)
Infectious and parasitic diseases 0.8 (X) 0.5 (X)
Injuries 2.3 5.4 2.1 0.0
Mental disorders  
Autism spectrum disorders 6.4 7.9 20.2 (X)
Developmental disorders 1.1 (X) 1.2 (X)
Childhood and adolescent disorders not elsewhere classified 0.2 0.0 (X) 0.0
Intellectual disorders 19.7 6.3 28.7 (X)
Depressive, bipolar, and related disorders 12.8 20.8 5.8 (X)
Neurocognitive disorders 2.9 2.5 3.4 0.0
Schizophrenia spectrum and other psychotic disorders 8.5 11.7 3.3 0.0
Other mental disorders 7.4 10.8 5.6 (X)
Neoplasms 1.2 (X) 0.7 0.0
Diseases of the—  
Blood and blood-forming organs 0.4 0.0 0.2 0.0
Circulatory system 3.9 3.8 0.7 (X)
Digestive system 0.8 0.0 0.5 0.0
Genitourinary system 1.1 (X) 0.6 (X)
Musculoskeletal system and connective tissue 14.7 10.8 6.1 0.0
Nervous system and sense organs b 8.7 11.3 13.8 94.9
Respiratory system 1.8 (X) 0.6 0.0
Skin and subcutaneous tissue 0.2 (X) (X) 0.0
Other 0.3 0.0 0.5 0.0
Unknown 1.4 (X) (X) (X)
SOURCE: Social Security Administration, Supplemental Security Record, 100 percent data.
NOTE: (X) = suppressed to avoid disclosing information about particular individuals.
a. Includes 53 persons with a PASS that excludes only resources.
b. Most disabled recipients classified as blind are included in this category. A few blind recipients with a primary impairment other than diseases of the eye are coded in other categories. Also, a few recipients are classified with diseases of the eye, but their impairment does not meet the definition of blindness.
CONTACT: statistics@ssa.gov.
Table 56. Percentage distribution of recipients with income excluded under specified work incentives, by amount excluded and provision, December 2024
Amount excluded (dollars) Plan to achieve self-support (PASS) a Impairment-related work expenses (IRWE) Blind work expenses (BWE)
Total  
Number 187 1,526 486
Percent 100.0 100.0 100.0
Under 25 0.0 15.1 9.1
25–49 0.0 13.8 6.8
50–99 0.0 24.2 14.2
100–199 (X) 23.7 18.1
200–299 2.7 10.8 14.2
300–399 (X) 4.2 8.4
400–499 1.6 3.0 6.6
500–599 2.1 1.7 4.7
600–699 2.7 0.7 3.7
700–799 3.7 0.7 2.3
800–899 4.8 0.6 2.9
900–999 4.8 (X) 1.6
1,000–1,099 12.3 (X) 2.1
1,100–1,199 4.3 (X) (X)
1,200–1,299 7.0 (X) (X)
1,300–1,399 5.9 0.0 (X)
1,400–1,499 2.7 (X) (X)
1,500 or more 43.3 0.5 2.9
SOURCE: Social Security Administration, Supplemental Security Record, 100 percent data.
NOTE: (X) = suppressed to avoid disclosing information about particular individuals.
a. Statistics do not include plans to achieve self-support that exclude only resources.
CONTACT: statistics@ssa.gov.