Size and Scope of the Social Security Disability Insurance Program, 2023

In December:

• Disability benefits were paid to more than 8.7 million disabled beneficiaries (disabled workers, disabled widow(er)s, and disabled adult children).
• Payments to disabled beneficiaries totaled almost $12.7 billion.
• About one out of eight disabled beneficiaries aged 18–64 also received Supplemental Security Income payments.

Across the year:

• Awards to disabled workers (523,834) accounted for 89 percent of awards to all disabled beneficiaries (591,687).
• Benefits were terminated for 788,327 disabled workers.

Profile of Disabled-Worker Beneficiaries, December 2023

• Workers accounted for the largest share of disabled beneficiaries (85 percent).
• Average age was 56.
• The largest diagnosis category was diseases of the musculoskeletal system and connective tissue (34.1 percent).
• Average monthly benefit received was $1,537.13.
• About one out of 11 disabled workers aged 18–64 also received Supplemental Security Income payments.

Since 1956, the Social Security program has provided cash benefits to people with disabilities. This annual report provides program and demographic information about the people who receive those benefits. The basic topics covered are—

• beneficiaries in current-payment status;
• workers' compensation and public disability benefits;
• benefits awarded, withheld, and terminated;
• disabled workers who have returned to work;
• outcomes of applications for disability benefits; and
• disabled beneficiaries receiving Social Security, Supplemental Security Income, or both.

Your suggestions and comments on this report are welcome and should be directed to the Office of Statistical Analysis and Support at statistics@ssa.gov. Contact information is also provided on each table.

Natalie T. Lu
Associate Commissioner
for Research, Evaluation, and Statistics
October 2024

The Old-Age and Survivors Insurance (OASI) program provides benefits to retired workers and their dependent family members and to survivors of deceased workers. The Disability Insurance (DI) program provides benefits to disabled workers, their spouses, and children (whether or not disabled).

Benefits are paid from the OASI and DI Trust Funds. However, not all disabled beneficiaries are paid from the DI Trust Fund. All disabled widow(er)s' and most disabled adult children's benefits are paid from the OASI Trust Fund. Persons receiving disability benefits from either trust fund are referred to in this report as Social Security beneficiaries.

Data for 2001 and subsequent years presented in these tables may differ slightly from other published statistics for three reasons. First, all data for those years are based on 100 percent data files. Second, beginning in 2001, the definition of an award was changed to include secondary benefit awards, subsequent periods of disability, and conversions from one class of child's benefit to another and to exclude reinstated benefits. Those changes resulted in a slight increase in the award counts. Third, data for 2006–2011 omit individuals whose benefits were reinstated under the Expedited Reinstatement provisions. For those reasons, as well as for differences in data sources and calculation methods, statistics reported in these tables may also differ from those reported by the Office of the Chief Actuary.

Beginning with the 2020 edition, some of the mental disorder diagnostic groups were renamed:

Also beginning with the 2020 edition, attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) diagnoses were reallocated from the “childhood and adolescent disorders not elsewhere classified” group to the “other mental disorders” group to reflect the agency's adoption of an ADHD diagnostic code for both children and adults.

All years are calendar years unless otherwise specified.

Numbers in the text, charts, and tables may not add to totals because of rounding.